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Modeling age-related differences in immediate memory using SIMPLE

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Surprenant, Aimée M., Neath, Ian and Brown, G. D. A. (Gordon D. A.). (2006) Modeling age-related differences in immediate memory using SIMPLE. Journal of Memory and Language, Vol.55 (No.4). pp. 572-586. ISSN 0749-596X

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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2006.08.001

Abstract

In the SIMPLE model (Scale Invariant Memory and Perceptual Learning), performance on memory tasks is determined by the locations of items in multidimensional space, and better performance is associated with having fewer close neighbors. Unlike most previous simulations with SIMPLE, the ones reported here used measured, rather than assumed, dimensional values. The data to be modeled come from an experiment in which younger and older adults recalled lists of acoustically confusable and nonconfusable items. A multidimensional scaling solution based on the memory confusions was obtained. SIMPLE accounted for the overall difference in performance both between the two age groups and, within each age group, the overall difference between acoustically confusable and nonconfusable items in terms of the MDS coordinates. Moreover, the model accounted for the serial position functions and error gradients. Finally, the generality of the model’s account was examined by fitting data from an already published study. The data and the modeling support the hypothesis that older adults’ memory may be worse, in part, because of altered representations due to age-related auditory perceptual deficits.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Subjects:	B Philosophy. Psychology. Religion > BF Psychology
Divisions:	Faculty of Science > Psychology
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH):	Memory -- Age factors, Memory -- Testing, Psychology, Experimental
Journal or Publication Title:	Journal of Memory and Language
Publisher:	Elsevier
ISSN:	0749-596X
Date:	20 September 2006
Volume:	Vol.55
Number:	No.4
Page Range:	pp. 572-586
Identification Number:	10.1016/j.jml.2006.08.001
Status:	Peer Reviewed
Access rights to Published version:	Open Access
Funder:	Economic and Social Research Council (Great Britain) (ESRC), National Institute on Aging (NIA)
Grant number:	AG021071 (NIA-US), RES-000-231038 (ESRC)
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URI:	http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/id/eprint/646