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What you know can influence what you are going to know (especially for older adults)
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Badham, Stephen P. and Maylor, Elizabeth A. (2014) What you know can influence what you are going to know (especially for older adults). Psychonomic Bulletin & Review . doi:10.3758/s13423-014-0672-8 ISSN 1069-9384.
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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/s13423-014-0672-8
Abstract
Stimuli related to an individual’s knowledge/
experience are often more memorable than abstract stimuli,
particularly for older adults. This has been found when material
that is congruent with knowledge is contrasted with material
that is incongruent with knowledge, but there is little
research on a possible graded effect of congruency. The present
study manipulated the degree of congruency of study
material with participants’ knowledge. Young and older participants
associated two famous names to nonfamous faces,
where the similarity between the nonfamous faces and the real
famous individuals varied. These associations were incrementally
easier to remember as the name–face combinations became
more congruent with prior knowledge, demonstrating a
graded congruency effect, as opposed to an effect based
simply on the presence or absence of associations to prior
knowledge. Older adults tended to show greater susceptibility
to the effect than young adults, with a significant age difference
for extreme stimuli, in line with previous literature showing
that schematic support in memory tasks particularly benefits
older adults.
| Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Psychology | ||||
| Journal or Publication Title: | Psychonomic Bulletin & Review | ||||
| Publisher: | Psychonomic Society | ||||
| ISSN: | 1069-9384 | ||||
| Official Date: | 12 June 2014 | ||||
| Dates: |
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| DOI: | 10.3758/s13423-014-0672-8 | ||||
| Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||
| Publication Status: | Published | ||||
| Access rights to Published version: | Open Access (Creative Commons) |
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