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HIV-1 transmissions during asymptomatic infection : exploring the impact of changes in HIV-1 viral load due to coinfections
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Baggaley, Rebecca F. and Hollingsworth, T. Déirdre (2015) HIV-1 transmissions during asymptomatic infection : exploring the impact of changes in HIV-1 viral load due to coinfections. JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, Volume 68 (Number 5). pp. 594-598. doi:10.1097/QAI.0000000000000511 ISSN 1525-4135.
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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/QAI.0000000000000511
Abstract
High HIV-1 plasma viral loads (PVLs) in sub-Saharan Africa, partly because of high rates of coinfection, may have been one of the drivers of the “explosive” epidemics seen in that region. Using a previously published framework of infectiousness and survival, we estimate the excess onward HIV-1 transmission events (secondary infections) resulting from coinfection-induced changes in PVL during asymptomatic HIV-1 infection. For every 100 HIV-infected people, each suffering 1 episode of tuberculosis infection, there are 4.9 (2.7th–97.5th percentile: 0.2–21.5) excess onward HIV-1 transmission events attributable to this coinfection. Other estimates are malaria 0.4 (0.0–2.0), soil-transmitted helminths 3.1 (0.1–14.9), schistosomiasis 8.5 (0.2–38.6), filariasis 13.3 (0.3–89.2), syphilis 0.1 (0.0–1.6), herpes simplex virus 4.0 (0.0–24.2), and gonorrhea 2.1 (0.1–8.0) transmissions. If these higher PVLs confer a shorter life expectancy and higher infectiousness, then their impact on transmission is, in general, reduced. For most HIV-1 coinfections, the duration of a single infection is too short and/or the associated PVL elevation is too modest to contribute substantially to onward HIV-1 transmission.
| Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||||||
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| Subjects: | R Medicine > RA Public aspects of medicine > RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine | ||||||||
| Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Life Sciences (2010- ) Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Mathematics |
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| Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | HIV infections -- Transmission -- Africa, Sub-Saharan | ||||||||
| Journal or Publication Title: | JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes | ||||||||
| Publisher: | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins | ||||||||
| ISSN: | 1525-4135 | ||||||||
| Official Date: | 15 April 2015 | ||||||||
| Dates: |
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| Volume: | Volume 68 | ||||||||
| Number: | Number 5 | ||||||||
| Page Range: | pp. 594-598 | ||||||||
| DOI: | 10.1097/QAI.0000000000000511 | ||||||||
| Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||||||
| Publication Status: | Published | ||||||||
| Access rights to Published version: | Restricted or Subscription Access | ||||||||
| Date of first compliant deposit: | 28 December 2015 | ||||||||
| Date of first compliant Open Access: | 28 December 2015 | ||||||||
| Funder: | Wellcome Trust (London, England), Merck & Co. | ||||||||
| Grant number: | 097830/Z/11/A-C (WT) | ||||||||
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