Garry, Maryanne and Wade, Kimberley A. (2005) Actually, a picture is worth less than 45 words : narratives produce more false memories than photographs do. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review , Volume 12 (Number 2). pp. 359-366. doi:10.3758/BF03196385 ISSN 1069-9384.

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Abstract

Most memory “implantation” studies have elicited false memories by using fake narratives. Recently, Wade, Garry, Read, and Lindsay (2002) showed that doctored photographs can be used to create false childhood memories in adults. Fifty percent of Wade et al.’s sample reported details of taking a childhood hot air balloon ride, although they had never been in a balloon. In this experiment, we investigated whether photos or narratives influence memory more than the other. We exposed subjects to either a fake photograph or a fake narrative of a childhood hot air balloon ride. Subjects tried to remember the false event and three real events over 1 week. Narratives were more likely to produce false memory reports than were photos. We offer a fluency-based account of our results and suggest that narratives promote more familiarity in subjects than do photographs.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Divisions:	Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Psychology
Journal or Publication Title:	Psychonomic Bulletin & Review
Publisher:	Psychonomic Society
ISSN:	1069-9384
Official Date:	21 September 2005
Dates:	Date Event 21 September 2005 Published
Volume:	Volume 12
Number:	Number 2
Page Range:	pp. 359-366
DOI:	10.3758/BF03196385
Status:	Peer Reviewed
Publication Status:	Published
Access rights to Published version:	Restricted or Subscription Access

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