Daamen, Marcel, Bäuml, Josef G., Scheef, Lukas, Sorg, Christian, Busch, Barbara, Baumann, Nicole, Bartmann, Peter, Wolke, Dieter, Wohlschläger, Afra and Boecker, Henning (2015) Working memory in preterm-born adults : load-dependent compensatory activity of the posterior default mode network. Human Brain Mapping, 36 (3). pp. 1121-1137. doi:10.1002/hbm.22691

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Abstract

Premature birth is associated with an increased risk of cognitive performance deficits that are dependent on working memory (WM) load in childhood. Less clear is whether preterm-born adults show similar WM impairments, or develop compensatory brain mechanisms that help to overcome prematurity-related functional deficits, for example, by a workload-dependent over-recruitment of WM-typical areas, and/or engagement of alternative brain networks. In this functional magnetic resonance imaging study, 73 adults born very preterm and/or with very low birth weight (VP/VLBW) and 73 term-born controls (CON, mean age: 26.5 years) performed a verbal N-Back paradigm with varying workload (0-back, 1-back, 2-back). Generally, both groups showed similar performance accuracy and task-typical patterns of brain activations (especially in fronto-cingulo-parietal, thalamic, and cerebellar areas) and deactivations (especially in mesial frontal and parietal aspects of the default mode network [DMN]). However, VP/VLBW adults showed significantly stronger deactivations (P < 0.05, cluster-level corrected) than CON in posterior DMN regions, including right ventral precuneus, and right parahippocampal areas (with adjacent cerebellar areas), which were specific for the most demanding 2-back condition. Consistent with a workload-dependent effect, VP/VLBW adults with stronger deactivations (1-back > 2-back) in the parahippocampal/cerebellar cluster also presented a greater slowing of response latencies with increasing WM load (2-back > 1-back), indicative of higher effort. In conclusion, VP/VLBW adults recruited similar anatomical networks as controls during N-back performance, but showed an enhanced suppression of posterior DMN regions during higher workload, which may reflect a temporary suppression of stimulus-independent thoughts that helps to maintain adequate task performance with increasing attentional demands.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Subjects:	B Philosophy. Psychology. Religion > BF Psychology
Divisions:	Faculty of Medicine > Warwick Medical School > Health Sciences > Mental Health and Wellbeing Faculty of Science > Psychology Faculty of Medicine > Warwick Medical School
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH):	Short-term memory in children, Premature infants
Journal or Publication Title:	Human Brain Mapping
Publisher:	John Wiley and Sons
ISSN:	1065-9471
Official Date:	March 2015
Dates:	Date Event March 2015 Published 21 November 2014 Available 10 November 2014 Accepted 24 April 2014 Submitted
Date of first compliant deposit:	7 December 2015
Volume:	36
Number:	3
Number of Pages:	17
Page Range:	pp. 1121-1137
DOI:	10.1002/hbm.22691
Status:	Peer Reviewed
Publication Status:	Published
Access rights to Published version:	Restricted or Subscription Access
Funder:	Germany. Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), Technische Universität München. Kommission für Klinische Forschung
Grant number:	BMBF 01ER0801 (BMBF), BMBF 01EV0710 (BMBF), BMBF 01ER0803 (BMBF)

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