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Working memory in preterm-born adults : load-dependent compensatory activity of the posterior default mode network

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Daamen, Marcel, Bäuml, Josef G., Scheef, Lukas, Sorg, Christian, Busch, Barbara, Baumann, Nicole, Bartmann, Peter, Wolke, Dieter, Wohlschläger, Afra and Boecker, Henning (2015) Working memory in preterm-born adults : load-dependent compensatory activity of the posterior default mode network. Human Brain Mapping, 36 (3). pp. 1121-1137. doi:10.1002/hbm.22691

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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hbm.22691

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Abstract

Premature birth is associated with an increased risk of cognitive performance deficits that are dependent on working memory (WM) load in childhood. Less clear is whether preterm-born adults show similar WM impairments, or develop compensatory brain mechanisms that help to overcome prematurity-related functional deficits, for example, by a workload-dependent over-recruitment of WM-typical areas, and/or engagement of alternative brain networks. In this functional magnetic resonance imaging study, 73 adults born very preterm and/or with very low birth weight (VP/VLBW) and 73 term-born controls (CON, mean age: 26.5 years) performed a verbal N-Back paradigm with varying workload (0-back, 1-back, 2-back). Generally, both groups showed similar performance accuracy and task-typical patterns of brain activations (especially in fronto-cingulo-parietal, thalamic, and cerebellar areas) and deactivations (especially in mesial frontal and parietal aspects of the default mode network [DMN]). However, VP/VLBW adults showed significantly stronger deactivations (P < 0.05, cluster-level corrected) than CON in posterior DMN regions, including right ventral precuneus, and right parahippocampal areas (with adjacent cerebellar areas), which were specific for the most demanding 2-back condition. Consistent with a workload-dependent effect, VP/VLBW adults with stronger deactivations (1-back > 2-back) in the parahippocampal/cerebellar cluster also presented a greater slowing of response latencies with increasing WM load (2-back > 1-back), indicative of higher effort. In conclusion, VP/VLBW adults recruited similar anatomical networks as controls during N-back performance, but showed an enhanced suppression of posterior DMN regions during higher workload, which may reflect a temporary suppression of stimulus-independent thoughts that helps to maintain adequate task performance with increasing attentional demands.

Item Type: Journal Article
Subjects: B Philosophy. Psychology. Religion > BF Psychology
Divisions: Faculty of Medicine > Warwick Medical School > Health Sciences > Mental Health and Wellbeing
Faculty of Science > Psychology
Faculty of Medicine > Warwick Medical School
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): Short-term memory in children, Premature infants
Journal or Publication Title: Human Brain Mapping
Publisher: John Wiley and Sons
ISSN: 1065-9471
Official Date: March 2015
Dates:
DateEvent
March 2015Published
21 November 2014Available
10 November 2014Accepted
24 April 2014Submitted
Volume: 36
Number: 3
Number of Pages: 17
Page Range: pp. 1121-1137
DOI: 10.1002/hbm.22691
Status: Peer Reviewed
Publication Status: Published
Access rights to Published version: Restricted or Subscription Access
Funder: Germany. Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), Technische Universität München. Kommission für Klinische Forschung
Grant number: BMBF 01ER0801 (BMBF), BMBF 01EV0710 (BMBF), BMBF 01ER0803 (BMBF)

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