Li, Zheling, Young, Robert J. (Robert Joseph), Kinloch, Ian A., Wilson, Neil R., Marsden, Alexander J. and Raju, Arun Prakash Aranga (2015) Quantitative determination of the spatial orientation of graphene by polarized Raman spectroscopy. Carbon, Volume 88 . pp. 215-224. doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2015.02.072 ISSN 0008-6223.

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Abstract

Polarized Raman spectroscopy has been employed to characterize transverse sections of graphene monolayers upon both a copper substrate and a polyester film. Well-defined Raman spectra can be obtained from the one atom thick transverse sections of graphene because of the strong resonance Raman scattering. The intensity of Raman 2D band (I2D) is independent of the axis of laser polarization when the laser beam is perpendicular to the surface of the graphene monolayer but I2D is found to vary as approximately the 4th power of the cosine of the angle between the axis of laser polarization and the plane of graphene when the direction of laser propagation is parallel to the graphene sheet. It is demonstrated that a generalized spherical expanded harmonics orientation distribution function (ODF) can be used to quantify the spatial orientation of the graphene. The roughness of the graphene, evaluated using atomic force microscopy, shows a good correlation with the ODF determined using polarized Raman spectroscopy, showing how the Raman technique may be employed to quantify the spatial orientation of graphene. It is also demonstrated how the technique can be used to quantify the orientation of graphene in high-ordered pyrolytic graphite and graphene paper.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Subjects:	Q Science > QD Chemistry
Divisions:	Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Physics
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH):	Graphene -- Properties
Journal or Publication Title:	Carbon
Publisher:	Pergamon
ISSN:	0008-6223
Official Date:	July 2015
Dates:	Date Event July 2015 Published 4 March 2015 Available 26 February 2015 Accepted 29 October 2014 Submitted
Volume:	Volume 88
Number of Pages:	10
Page Range:	pp. 215-224
DOI:	10.1016/j.carbon.2015.02.072
Status:	Peer Reviewed
Publication Status:	Published
Access rights to Published version:	Open Access (Creative Commons)
Date of first compliant deposit:	29 December 2015
Date of first compliant Open Access:	29 December 2015
Funder:	China Scholarship Council (CSC), Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC), United States. Air Force. Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR), Seventh Framework Programme (European Commission) (FP7)
Grant number:	EP/I023879/ 1 (EPSRC), FA8655-12-1-2058 (AFOSR), n604391 Graphene Flagship (FP7)

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