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Gender-specific local labour market areas in England and Wales
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Green, Anne E., Coombes, M. G. and Owen, David (1986) Gender-specific local labour market areas in England and Wales. Geoforum, Volume 17 (Number 3-4). pp. 339-351. doi:10.1016/0016-7185(86)90002-3
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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-7185(86)90002-3
Abstract
Local labour market areas (LLMAs) are usually defined on the basis of total commuting flows between constituent ‘building block’ areas. Indeed the 1984 revision of Travel-To-Work Areas (TTWAs) was based on aggregate flows between 1981 Census wards. It is widely recognized, however, that various sub-groups of the population have distinctive commuting patterns. TTWAs therefore represent the outcome of an ‘averaging’ of the journey-to-work patterns of different gender, socio-economic and occupational groups. In this preliminary review, the self-containment of TTWAs in England and Wales, which have been generated using aggregate data, is assessed at the simplest level of disaggregation of the commuting data: disaggregation by gender. In accordance with expectations, it is found that TTWAs defined on the basis of total commuting flows are generally more self-contained for females than for males, and that those TTWAs which are insufficiently self-contained to be considered as LLMAs for males are overwhelmingly concentrated in the most urbanized regions. These findings are reinforced by the results of re-running the TTWA regionalization algorithm against 1981 flow data for males and females in order to create gender-specific TTWAs; disparities between Male and Female TTWAs are greatest in the most urbanized regions. Such differences are investigated in greater detail for two Metropolitan Regions (MRs): the combined Liverpool and Manchester MRs in the north-west and the London MR in the south-east.
| Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Subjects: | H Social Sciences > HD Industries. Land use. Labor H Social Sciences > HN Social history and conditions. Social problems. Social reform H Social Sciences > HQ The family. Marriage. Woman |
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| Divisions: | Faculty of Social Sciences > Institute for Employment Research | ||||
| Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Labor market--Great Britain, Unemployment--Great Britain--Regional disparities, Women--Employment--Great Britain--Regional disparities | ||||
| Journal or Publication Title: | Geoforum | ||||
| Publisher: | Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd. | ||||
| ISSN: | 0016-7185 | ||||
| Official Date: | 1986 | ||||
| Dates: |
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| Volume: | Volume 17 | ||||
| Number: | Number 3-4 | ||||
| Number of Pages: | 13 | ||||
| Page Range: | pp. 339-351 | ||||
| DOI: | 10.1016/0016-7185(86)90002-3 | ||||
| Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||
| Publication Status: | Published | ||||
| Access rights to Published version: | Restricted or Subscription Access |
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