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Key role for efflux in the preservative susceptibility and adaptive resistance of burkholderia cepacia complex bacteria
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Rushton, Laura, Sass, Andrea, Baldwin, Adam, Dowson, Christopher G., Donoghue, Denise and Mahenthiralingam, Eshwar (2013) Key role for efflux in the preservative susceptibility and adaptive resistance of burkholderia cepacia complex bacteria. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 57 (7). pp. 2972-2980. doi:10.1128/AAC.00140-13 ISSN 0066-4804.
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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AAC.00140-13
Abstract
Bacteria from the Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) are encountered as industrial contaminants, and little is known about the species involved or their mechanisms of preservative resistance. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) revealed that multiple Bcc species may cause contamination, with B. lata (n 17) and B. cenocepacia (n 11) dominant within the collection examined. At the strain level, 11 of the 31 industrial sequence types identified had also been recovered from either natural environments or clinical infections. Minimal inhibitory (MIC) and minimum bactericidal (MBC) preservative concentrations varied across 83 selected Bcc strains, with industrial strains demonstrating increased tolerance for dimethylol dimethyl hydantoin (DMDMH). Benzisothiazolinone (BIT), DMDMH, methylisothiazolinone (MIT), a blend of 3:1 methylisothiazolinone-chloromethylisothiazolinone (M-CMIT), methyl paraben (MP), and phenoxyethanol (PH), were all effective anti-Bcc preservatives; benzethonium chloride (BC) and sodium benzoate (SB) were least effective. Since B. lata was the dominant industrial Bcc species, the type strain, 383T (LMG 22485T ), was used to study preservative tolerance. Strain 383 developed stable preservative tolerance for MCMIT, MIT, BIT, and BC, which resulted in preservative cross-resistance and altered antibiotic susceptibility, motility, and bio- film formation. Transcriptomic analysis of the B. lata 383 M-CMIT-adapted strain demonstrated that efflux played a key role in its M-CMIT tolerance and elevated fluoroquinolone resistance. The role of efflux was corroborated using the inhibitor L-PheArg--napthylamide, which reduced the MICs of M-CMIT and ciprofloxacin. In summary, intrinsic preservative tolerance and stable adaptive changes, such as enhanced efflux, play a role in the ability of Bcc bacteria to cause industrial contamination.
Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||||||||
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Subjects: | Q Science > QR Microbiology | ||||||||||
Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Life Sciences (2010- ) | ||||||||||
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Contamination (Technology), Bacterial genetics | ||||||||||
Journal or Publication Title: | Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy | ||||||||||
Publisher: | American Society for Microbiology | ||||||||||
ISSN: | 0066-4804 | ||||||||||
Official Date: | July 2013 | ||||||||||
Dates: |
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Volume: | 57 | ||||||||||
Number: | 7 | ||||||||||
Number of Pages: | 9 | ||||||||||
Page Range: | pp. 2972-2980 | ||||||||||
DOI: | 10.1128/AAC.00140-13 | ||||||||||
Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||||||||
Publication Status: | Published | ||||||||||
Access rights to Published version: | Open Access (Creative Commons) | ||||||||||
Funder: | Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (Great Britain) (BBSRC), Cystic Fibrosis Trust, Unilever (Firm), Technology Strategy Board (Great Britain) | ||||||||||
Grant number: | KTP8702, KEBM101, PJ535 (TSB) |
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