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An economical means for remediating a multiple-metal contaminated soil using electro-kinetic technology under natural conditions
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Saleem, M., Essa, M. H., Chakrabarti, M. H., Low, John C. T., Hajimolana, S. A. , Hussain, M. A., Hashim, M. A. and Islam, M. S. (2012) An economical means for remediating a multiple-metal contaminated soil using electro-kinetic technology under natural conditions. International Journal of Electrochemical Science, 7 (9). pp. 7809-7822. ISSN 1452-3981.
An open access version can be found in:
Official URL: http://www.electrochemsci.org/list12.htm#issue9
Abstract
A bench-scale study on the improved electro-kinetic remediation of heavy metals from soil collected near an operating electroplating site in Pakistan is reported. Influence of operating parameters such as electrode material, current density, soil temperature and inter-electrode spacing is investigated. A maximum of 61.8% removal of cadmium is achieved using titanium electrodes (under natural conditions simulating rain water present in soil). Removal efficiency improves with the increase in current density and soil temperature. About 73% of copper removal is achieved within 20 hours when the soil temperature is constant at 29 °C as compared to 32% removal at 18 'C. Rate of metal removal increases as the inter-electrode spacing decreases to 10 cm, which demonstrates the highest copper removal of 88.1% at a current density of 8.9 mA/cm2. Other heavy metals are well below their maximum permissible limits and thus are not studied in detail. A maximum energy consumption of 5 kWh/m3 of soil means the process can be economically scaled up. Removal efficiencies may be improved by carefully controlling the catholyte pH and by introducing zero-valent iron particles as a permeable reactive barrier in the electro-kinetic process.
| Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||||||||||
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| Subjects: | T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering | ||||||||||||
| Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Engineering > WMG (Formerly the Warwick Manufacturing Group) | ||||||||||||
| Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Pollution -- Prevention -- Economic aspects -- Pakistán, Soils -- Heavy metal content -- Pakistán, Soils -- Cadmium content -- Pakistán | ||||||||||||
| Journal or Publication Title: | International Journal of Electrochemical Science | ||||||||||||
| Publisher: | Electrochemical Science Group | ||||||||||||
| ISSN: | 1452-3981 | ||||||||||||
| Official Date: | 1 September 2012 | ||||||||||||
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| Volume: | 7 | ||||||||||||
| Number: | 9 | ||||||||||||
| Page Range: | pp. 7809-7822 | ||||||||||||
| Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||||||||||
| Publication Status: | Published | ||||||||||||
| Access rights to Published version: | Open Access (Creative Commons) | ||||||||||||
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