Barai, Anup, Widanage, Widanalage Dhammika, Marco, James, McGordon, Andrew and Jennings, P. A. (Paul A.) (2015) A study of the open circuit voltage characterization technique and hysteresis assessment of lithium-ion cells. Journal of Power Sources, Volume 295 . pp. 99-107. doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.06.140 ISSN 0378-7753.

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Abstract

Among lithium-ion battery applications, the relationship between state of charge (SoC) and open circuit voltage (OCV) is used for battery management system operation. The path dependence of OCV is a distinctive characteristic of lithium-ion batteries which is termed as OCV hysteresis. Accurate estimation of OCV hysteresis is essential for correct SoC identification. OCV hysteresis test procedures used previously do not consider the coupling of variables that show an apparent increase in hysteresis. To study true OCV hysteresis, this paper proposes a new test methodology. Using the proposed methodology, OCV hysteresis has been quantified for different lithium-ion cells. The test results show that a battery's OCV is directly related to the discharge capacity. Measured battery capacity can vary up to 5.0% depending on the test procedure and cell chemistry. The maximum hysteresis was found in a LiFePO4 (LFP) cell (38 mV) and lowest in the LTO cell (16 mV). A dynamic hysteresis model is used to show how better prediction accuracy can be achieved when hysteresis voltage is a function of SoC instead of assuming as a constant. The results highlight the importance of the testing procedure for OCV characterisation and that hysteresis is present in other Li-ion batteries in addition to LFP.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Subjects:	T Technology > TL Motor vehicles. Aeronautics. Astronautics
Divisions:	Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Engineering > WMG (Formerly the Warwick Manufacturing Group)
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH):	Lithium ion batteries, Hysteresis
Journal or Publication Title:	Journal of Power Sources
Publisher:	Elsevier S.A.
ISSN:	0378-7753
Official Date:	1 November 2015
Dates:	Date Event 1 November 2015 Published 11 July 2015 Available 26 June 2015 Accepted 13 February 2015 Submitted
Volume:	Volume 295
Page Range:	pp. 99-107
DOI:	10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.06.140
Status:	Peer Reviewed
Publication Status:	Published
Access rights to Published version:	Restricted or Subscription Access
Description:	The research presented within this paper is supported by the Innovate UK through the WMG Centre High Value Manufacturing (HVM) Catapult in collaboration with Jaguar Land Rover and TATA Motors.
Date of first compliant deposit:	30 December 2015
Date of first compliant Open Access:	1 November 2016
Funder:	Warwick Manufacturing Group, Jaguar PLC, Tata Motors

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