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Alpha emitter radium-223 and survival in metastatic prostate cancer
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(2013) Alpha emitter radium-223 and survival in metastatic prostate cancer. The New England Journal of Medicine, 369 (3). pp. 213-223. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1213755 ISSN 0028-4793.
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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1213755
Abstract
BACKGROUND:
Radium-223 dichloride (radium-223), an alpha emitter, selectively targets bone metastases with alpha particles. We assessed the efficacy and safety of radium-223 as compared with placebo, in addition to the best standard of care, in men with castration-resistant prostate cancer and bone metastases.
METHODS:
In our phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, we randomly assigned 921 patients who had received, were not eligible to receive, or declined docetaxel, in a 2:1 ratio, to receive six injections of radium-223 (at a dose of 50 kBq per kilogram of body weight intravenously) or matching placebo; one injection was administered every 4 weeks. In addition, all patients received the best standard of care. The primary end point was overall survival. The main secondary efficacy end points included time to the first symptomatic skeletal event and various biochemical end points. A prespecified interim analysis, conducted when 314 deaths had occurred, assessed the effect of radium-223 versus placebo on survival. An updated analysis, when 528 deaths had occurred, was performed before crossover from placebo to radium-223.
RESULTS:
At the interim analysis, which involved 809 patients, radium-223, as compared with placebo, significantly improved overall survival (median, 14.0 months vs. 11.2 months; hazard ratio, 0.70; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.55 to 0.88; two-sided P=0.002). The updated analysis involving 921 patients confirmed the radium-223 survival benefit (median, 14.9 months vs. 11.3 months; hazard ratio, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.58 to 0.83; P<0.001). Assessments of all main secondary efficacy end points also showed a benefit of radium-233 as compared with placebo. Radium-223 was associated with low myelosuppression rates and fewer adverse events.
CONCLUSIONS:
In this study, which was terminated for efficacy at the prespecified interim analysis, radium-223 improved overall survival. (Funded by Algeta and Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals; ALSYMPCA ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00699751.).
Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||
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Subjects: | R Medicine > RC Internal medicine > RC0254 Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology (including Cancer) R Medicine > RM Therapeutics. Pharmacology |
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Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Medicine > Warwick Medical School > Health Sciences > Cancer Research Unit Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Medicine > Warwick Medical School |
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Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Prostate -- Cancer -- Treatment, Bone metastasis -- Treatment, Radium -- Therapeutic use | ||||
Journal or Publication Title: | The New England Journal of Medicine | ||||
Publisher: | Massachusetts Medical Society | ||||
ISSN: | 0028-4793 | ||||
Official Date: | 18 July 2013 | ||||
Dates: |
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Volume: | 369 | ||||
Number: | 3 | ||||
Page Range: | pp. 213-223 | ||||
DOI: | 10.1056/NEJMoa1213755 | ||||
Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||
Publication Status: | Published | ||||
Access rights to Published version: | Restricted or Subscription Access | ||||
Funder: | Algeta and Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals | ||||
Grant number: | ALSYMPCA Clinical Trials.gov number, NCT00699751 |
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