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Normal and pathologic concentrations of uremic toxins.
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Duranton, F., Cohen, Gerald, De Smet, R., Rodriguez, Mariano, Jankowski, Joachim, Vanholder, Raymond and Argiles, Angel (2012) Normal and pathologic concentrations of uremic toxins. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 23 (7). pp. 1258-1270. doi:10.1681/ASN.2011121175 ISSN 1046-6673.
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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1681/ASN.2011121175
Abstract
An updated review of the existing knowledge regarding uremic toxins facilitates the design of experimental studies. We performed a literature search and found 621 articles about uremic toxicity published after a 2003 review of this topic. Eighty-seven records provided serum or blood measurements of one or more solutes in patients with CKD. These records described 32 previously known uremic toxins and 56 newly reported solutes. The articles most frequently reported concentrations of β2-microglobulin, indoxyl sulfate, homocysteine, uric acid, and parathyroid hormone. We found most solutes (59%) in only one report. Compared with previous results, more recent articles reported higher uremic concentrations of many solutes, including carboxymethyllysine, cystatin C, and parathyroid hormone. However, five solutes had uremic concentrations less than 10% of the originally reported values. Furthermore, the uremic concentrations of four solutes did not exceed their respective normal concentrations, although they had been previously described as uremic retention solutes. In summary, this review extends the classification of uremic retention solutes and their normal and uremic concentrations, and it should aid the design of experiments to study the biologic effects of these solutes in CKD.
| Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||||||
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| Subjects: | R Medicine > RC Internal medicine | ||||||||
| Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Medicine > Warwick Medical School > Biomedical Sciences > Translational & Experimental Medicine > Metabolic and Vascular Health (- until July 2016) Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Medicine > Warwick Medical School |
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| Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Chronic renal failure, Hemodialysis | ||||||||
| Journal or Publication Title: | Journal of the American Society of Nephrology | ||||||||
| Publisher: | American Society of Nephrology | ||||||||
| ISSN: | 1046-6673 | ||||||||
| Official Date: | 1 July 2012 | ||||||||
| Dates: |
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| Volume: | 23 | ||||||||
| Number: | 7 | ||||||||
| Page Range: | pp. 1258-1270 | ||||||||
| DOI: | 10.1681/ASN.2011121175 | ||||||||
| Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||||||
| Publication Status: | Published | ||||||||
| Access rights to Published version: | Restricted or Subscription Access | ||||||||
| Contributors: |
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