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Relative judgment and knowledge of the category structure

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Stewart, Neil, 1974- and Matthews, William J.. (2009) Relative judgment and knowledge of the category structure. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, Vol.16 (No.3). pp. 594-599. ISSN 1069-9384

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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/PBR.16.3.594

Abstract

For evenly spaced stimuli, a purely relative judgment account of unidimensional categorization performance is trivial: All that is required is knowledge of the size of stimulus difference corresponding to the width of a category. For unevenly spaced stimuli, long-term knowledge of the category structure is required. In the present article, we will argue that such knowledge does not necessitate a direct, absolute mapping between (representations of) stimulus magnitudes and category labels. We will show that Stewart, Brown, and Chater's (2005) relative judgment model can account for data from absolute identification experiments with uneven stimulus spacing.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Subjects:	B Philosophy. Psychology. Religion > BF Psychology
Divisions:	Faculty of Science > Psychology
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH):	Categorization (Psychology), Judgment (Logic), Decision making -- Testing, Mental representation, Abstraction
Journal or Publication Title:	Psychonomic Bulletin & Review
Publisher:	Psychonomic Society, Inc.
ISSN:	1069-9384
Date:	June 2009
Volume:	Vol.16
Number:	No.3
Page Range:	pp. 594-599
Identification Number:	10.3758/PBR.16.3.594
Status:	Peer Reviewed
Access rights to Published version:	Open Access
Funder:	Economic and Social Research Council (Great Britain) (ESRC)
Grant number:	RES-062-23-0952 (ESRC), RES-000-22-2459 (ESRC), RES-000-23-1372 (ESRC)
References:	Ashby, F. G., & Townsend, J. T. (1986). Varieties of perceptual independence. Psychological Review, 93, 154–179. Brown, S. D., Marley, A., Dodds, P., & Heathcote, A. (in press). Relative models do not provide a general account of absolute identification. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review. Brown, S. D., Marley, A. A. J., Donkin, C., & Heathcote, A. J. (2008). An integrated model of choices and response times in absolute identification. Psychological Review, 115, 396–425. Durlach, N. I., & Braida, L. D. (1969). Intensity perception. I. Preliminary theory of intensity resolution. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 46, 372–383. Holland, M. K., & Lockhead, G. R. (1968). Sequential effects in absolute judgments of loudness. Perception & Psychophysics, 3, 409–414. Kent, C., & Lamberts, L. (2005). An exemplar account of the bow and set size effects in absolute identification. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 31, 289–305. Lacouture, Y., & Marley, A. A. J. (2004). Choice and response time processes in the identification and categorization of unidimensional stimuli. Perception & Psychophysics, 66, 1206–1266. Laming, D. R. J. (1984). The relativity of “absolute” judgements. British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology, 37, 152–183. Laming, D. R. J. (1997). The measurement of sensation. London: Oxford University Press. Luce, R. D., Green, D. M., & Weber, D. L. (1976). Attention bands in absolute identification. Perception & Psychophysics, 20, 49–54. Marley, A. A. J., & Cook, V. T. (1984). A fixed rehearsal capacity interpretation of limits on absolute identification performance. British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology, 37, 136–151. Marley, A. A. J., & Cook, V. T.(1986). A limited capacity rehearsal model for psychological judgments applied to magnitude estimation. Journal of Mathematical Psychology, 30, 339–390. Nosofsky, R. M.(1986). Attention, similarity and the identificationcategorization relationship. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 115, 39–57. Nosofsky, R. M.(1997). An exemplar-based random-walk model of speeded categorization and absolute judgment. In A. A. J. Marley (Ed.), Choice, decision, and measurement: Essays in honor of R. Duncan Luce (pp. 347–365). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum. Parker, S., Murphy, D. R., & Schneider, B. A. (2002). Top-down gain control in the auditory system: Evidence from identification and discrimination experiments. Perception & Psychophysics, 64, 598–614. Petrov, A. A., & Anderson, J. R. (2005). The dynamics of scaling: A memory-based anchor model of category rating and absolute identification. Psychological Review, 112, 383–416. Stewart, N. (2007). Absolute identification is relative: A reply to Brown, Marley, and Lacouture (2007). Psychological Review, 114, 533–538. Stewart, N., & Brown, G. D. A. (2004). Sequence effects in categorizing tones varying in frequency. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 30, 416–430. Stewart, N., Brown, G. D. A., & Chater, N. (2002). Sequence effects in categorization of simple perceptual stimuli. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 28, 3–11. Stewart, N., Brown, G. D. A., & Chater, N.(2005). Absolute identification by relative judgment. Psychological Review, 112, 881–911. Treisman, M. (1985). The magical number seven and some other features of category scaling: Properties for a model of absolute judgment. Journal of Mathematical Psychology, 29, 175–230.
URI:	http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/id/eprint/707