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Comparing salt tolerance of beet cultivars and their halophytic ancestor : consequences of domestication and breeding programmes
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Rozema, J., Cornelisse, Danny, Zhang, Yuancheng, Li, Hongxiu, Bruning, Bas, Katschnig, Diana, Broekman, Rob, Ji, Bin and Bodegom, Peter van (2014) Comparing salt tolerance of beet cultivars and their halophytic ancestor : consequences of domestication and breeding programmes. AOB plants, 7 . pp. 1-12. plu083. doi:10.1093/aobpla/plu083 ISSN 2041-2851.
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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plu083
Abstract
Salt tolerance of higher plants is determined by a complex set of traits, the timing and rate of evolution of which are largely unknown. We compared the salt tolerance of cultivars of sugar beet and their ancestor, sea beet, in hydroponic studies and evaluated whether traditional domestication and more recent breeding have changed salt tolerance of the cultivars relative to their ancestor. Our comparison of salt tolerance of crop cultivars is based on values of the relative growth rate (RGR) of the entire plant at various salinity levels. We found considerable salt tolerance of the sea beet and slightly, but significantly, reduced salt tolerance of the sugar beet cultivars. This indicates that traditional domestication by selection for morphological traits such as leaf size, beet shape and size, enhanced productivity, sugar content and palatability slightly affected salt tolerance of sugar beet cultivars. Salt tolerance among four sugar beet cultivars, three of which have been claimed to be salt tolerant, did not differ. We analysed the components of RGR to understand the mechanism of salt tolerance at the whole-plant level. The growth rate reduction at higher salinity was linked with reduced leaf area at the whole-plant level (leaf area ratio) and at the individual leaf level (specific leaf area). The leaf weight fraction was not affected by increased salinity. On the other hand, succulence and leaf thickness and the net assimilation per unit of leaf area (unit leaf rate) increased in response to salt treatment, thus partially counteracting reduced capture of light by lower leaf area. This compensatory mechanism may form part of the salt tolerance mechanism of sea beet and the four studied sugar beet cultivars. Together, our results indicate that domestication of the halophytic ancestor sea beet slightly reduced salt tolerance and that breeding for improved salt tolerance of sugar beet cultivars has not been effective.
Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||||||
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Subjects: | S Agriculture > SB Plant culture | ||||||||
Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Life Sciences (2010- ) | ||||||||
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Salt-tolerant crops, Crops -- Effect of salts on, Beets, Sugar beets | ||||||||
Journal or Publication Title: | AOB plants | ||||||||
Publisher: | Oxford University Press | ||||||||
ISSN: | 2041-2851 | ||||||||
Official Date: | 9 December 2014 | ||||||||
Dates: |
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Volume: | 7 | ||||||||
Number of Pages: | 12 | ||||||||
Page Range: | pp. 1-12 | ||||||||
Article Number: | plu083 | ||||||||
DOI: | 10.1093/aobpla/plu083 | ||||||||
Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||||||
Publication Status: | Published | ||||||||
Access rights to Published version: | Restricted or Subscription Access | ||||||||
Date of first compliant deposit: | 30 December 2015 | ||||||||
Date of first compliant Open Access: | 30 December 2015 |
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