Hawley, Carol, Ward, Anthony B., Magnay, Andrew R. and Mychilkiq, Wasyl. (2004) Return to school after brain injury. Archives of Disease in Childhood, Vol.89 (No.2). pp. 136-142. ISSN 0003-9888

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Abstract

Objective: To examine return to school and classroom performance following traumatic brain injury (TBI) Design: Cross-sectional Setting: Community Subjects: 67 school-age children with TBI (35 mild, 13 moderate, 19 severe), and 14 uninjured matched controls. Interventions: Parents and children were interviewed and children assessed at a mean of two years post injury. Teachers reported on academic performance and educational needs. Main measures: Classroom performance, Children’s Memory Scale (CMS), WISC-III, WORD. Results: One third of teachers were unaware of the TBI. On return to school, special arrangements were made for 18 children (27%). Special educational needs were identified for 16 (24%), but only six children (9%) received specialist help. Two-thirds of children with TBI had difficulties with school-work, half had attention/concentration problems and 26 (39%) had memory problems. Compared to other pupils in the class, one third of children with TBI were performing below average. On the CMS, one third of the severe group were impaired/borderline for immediate and delayed recall of verbal material, and over one quarter were impaired/borderline for general memory. Children in the severe group had a mean full-scale IQ significantly lower than controls. Half the TBI group had a reading age ≥1 year below their chronological age, one third were reading ≥2 years below chronological age. Conclusions: Schools rely on parents to inform them about a TBI, and rarely receive information on possible long-term sequelae. At hospital discharge, health professionals should provide schools with information about TBI and possible long-term impairments, so that children returning to school receive appropriate support.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Subjects:	L Education > LC Special aspects of education B Philosophy. Psychology. Religion > BF Psychology R Medicine > RJ Pediatrics
Divisions:	Faculty of Medicine > Warwick Medical School
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH):	Brain damaged children, Problem children -- Education, Memory
Journal or Publication Title:	Archives of Disease in Childhood
Publisher:	BMJ
ISSN:	0003-9888
Date:	2004
Volume:	Vol.89
Number:	No.2
Page Range:	pp. 136-142
Identification Number:	10.1136/adc.2002.025577
Status:	Peer Reviewed
Access rights to Published version:	Open Access
Description:	Version accepted by publisher (post-print, after peer review, before copy-editing).
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URI:	http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/id/eprint/72

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