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Growth of large crystalline grains of vanadyl-phthalocyanine without epitaxy on graphene

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Marsden, Alexander J., Rochford, Luke A., Wood, Dawn, Ramadan, Alexandra J., Laker, Zachary P. L., Jones, T. S. and Wilson, Neil R. (2016) Growth of large crystalline grains of vanadyl-phthalocyanine without epitaxy on graphene. Advanced Functional Materials, 26 (8). pp. 1188-1196. doi:10.1002/adfm.201503594

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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201503594

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Abstract

The performance of organic semiconductor thin films in electronic devices is related to their crystal structure and morphology, with charge transport mobility dependent on the degree of crystallinity and on the crystallographic orientation. Here organic molecular beam deposition of vanadyl phthalocyanine is studied on graphene and it is shown that crystalline grains up to several micrometers across can be formed at substrate temperatures of 155 °C, compared to room temperature grain sizes of ≈30 nm. Transmission electron microscopy confirms the presence of long range order at elevated substrate temperatures and reveals that the molecules are stacked in an edge-on orientation, but are not epitaxially aligned to the graphene. The crystalline grain sizes are significantly larger on graphene than on disordered substrates such as graphene oxide and silicon oxide. The effect on charge transport is probed by conducting atomic force microscopy, with the high temperature films on graphene showing increased mobility and uniformity and decreased trap density. These results illustrate an important advantage for the integration of graphene electrodes with organic semiconductor devices: the homogeneous surface of graphene results in high diffusion and low nucleation rates for thin film growth, encouraging the formation of highly crystalline films even with nonepitaxial growth.

Item Type: Journal Article
Subjects: T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering
Divisions: Faculty of Science > Chemistry
Faculty of Science > Physics
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): Electronic apparatus and appliances, Organic semiconductors, Phthalocyanines, Graphene
Journal or Publication Title: Advanced Functional Materials
Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
ISSN: 1616-301X
Official Date: 23 February 2016
Dates:
DateEvent
23 February 2016Published
14 January 2016Available
25 November 2015Accepted
Volume: 26
Number: 8
Page Range: pp. 1188-1196
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201503594
Status: Peer Reviewed
Publication Status: Published
Access rights to Published version: Open Access
Funder: Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC), European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), Advantage West Midlands (AWM)
Grant number: EP/K503204/1 (EPSRC), EP/G037515 (EPSRC),
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