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What you know can influence what you are going to know (especially for older adults)
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Badham, Stephen P. and Maylor, Elizabeth A. (2015) What you know can influence what you are going to know (especially for older adults). Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 22 (1). pp. 141-146. doi:10.3758/s13423-014-0672-8 ISSN 1531-5320.
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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/s13423-014-0672-8
Abstract
Stimuli related to an individual’s knowledge/experience are often more memorable than abstract stimuli, particularly for older adults. This has been found when material that is congruent with knowledge is contrasted with material that is incongruent with knowledge, but there is little research on a possible graded effect of congruency. The present study manipulated the degree of congruency of study material with participants’ knowledge. Young and older participants associated two famous names to nonfamous faces, where the similarity between the nonfamous faces and the real famous individuals varied. These associations were incrementally easier to remember as the name–face combinations became more congruent with prior knowledge, demonstrating a graded congruency effect, as opposed to an effect based simply on the presence or absence of associations to prior knowledge. Older adults tended to show greater susceptibility to the effect than young adults, with a significant age difference for extreme stimuli, in line with previous literature showing that schematic support in memory tasks particularly benefits older adults.
Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||||
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Subjects: | B Philosophy. Psychology. Religion > BF Psychology | ||||||
Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Psychology | ||||||
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Memory in old age, Face perception | ||||||
Journal or Publication Title: | Psychonomic Bulletin & Review | ||||||
Publisher: | Springer New York LLC | ||||||
ISSN: | 1531-5320 | ||||||
Official Date: | February 2015 | ||||||
Dates: |
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Volume: | 22 | ||||||
Number: | 1 | ||||||
Page Range: | pp. 141-146 | ||||||
DOI: | 10.3758/s13423-014-0672-8 | ||||||
Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||||
Publication Status: | Published | ||||||
Access rights to Published version: | Open Access (Creative Commons) | ||||||
Date of first compliant deposit: | 10 December 2015 | ||||||
Date of first compliant Open Access: | 10 December 2015 | ||||||
Funder: | Economic and Social Research Council (Great Britain) (ESRC) | ||||||
Grant number: | ES/K002732/1 (ESRC) |
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