Ochanda, Horace, Young, A. S. and Medley, Graham. (2003) Survival of Theileria parva in its nymphal tick vector Rhipicephalus appendiculatus under laboratory and quasi natural conditions. Parasitology , Vol.12 (No.6). pp. 571-576. ISSN 0031-1820

Preview

PDF WRAP_Ochanda_Survival_thrileria_parva.pdf - Requires a PDF viewer such as GSview, Xpdf or Adobe Acrobat Reader Download (143Kb)

Abstract

Groups of nymphal Rhipicephalus appendiculatus Muguga, having a mean of 1 or 9 Theileria parva Muguga-infected salivary gland acini per tick, were kept under quasi-natural conditions at an altitude of 1950 m or 20°C at a relative humidity of 85% in the laboratory and their survival and infection prevalence and abundance determined over time. Theileria parva infections for both categories of ticks survived in the nymphal ticks for 50 or 26 weeks post salivary gland infection under quasi-natural or laboratory conditions respectively. There was a distinct decline in infections in the more heavily infected nymphae under both conditions of exposure, reflecting an apparent density dependence in parasite survival. Nymphal ticks having an average infection level of 1 infected salivary gland acinus per tick, survived for up to 69 or 65 weeks post-repletion under quasi-natural or the laboratory conditions respectively. Nymphae having an average infection level of 9 infected salivary gland acini per tick survived for a similar duration under each of the 2 conditions. The infection level of 9 infected salivary gland acini per tick did not seem to significantly affect the survival of the tick vector compared to those having an average of 1 infected salivary gland acinus per tick.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Subjects:	S Agriculture > SF Animal culture Q Science > QR Microbiology
Divisions:	Faculty of Science > Life Sciences (2010- ) > Biological Sciences ( -2010)
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH):	Theileria parva, Rhipicephalus appendiculatus, East Coast fever, Cattle -- Infections -- Reasearch -- Africa, Cattle -- Parasites -- Life cycles
Journal or Publication Title:	Parasitology
Publisher:	Cambridge University Press
ISSN:	0031-1820
Date:	June 2003
Volume:	Vol.12
Number:	No.6
Page Range:	pp. 571-576
Identification Number:	10.1017/S0031182003003147
Status:	Peer Reviewed
Access rights to Published version:	Open Access
References:	001 BAILEY, K. P. (1960). Notes on the rearing of Rhipicephalus appendiculatus and their infection with Theileria parva for experimental transmission. Bulletin of Epizootic Diseases of Africa 8, 33–43. 002 BILLIOUW, M., MATAA, L., MARCOTTY, T., CHAKA, G., BRANDT, J. & BERKVENS, D. (1999). The current epidemiological status of bovine theileriosis in eastern Zambia. Tropical Medicine and International Health 4, A28–A33. 003 BRANAGAN, D. (1973). Observations on the development and survival of the ixodid tick Rhipicephalus appendiculatus (Neumann, 1901) under quasi-natural conditions in Kenya. Tropical Animal Health and Production 5, 153–165. 004 B?SCHER, G. & OTIM, B. (1986). Quantitative studies on Theileria parva in the salivary glands of Rhipicephalus appendiculatus adults: quantitation and prediction of infection. International Journal for Parasitology 16, 93–100. 005 FIELDEN, L. J. & RECHAV, Y. (1996). Survival of six species of African ticks in relation to saturation deficits. Experimental and Applied Acarology 20, 625–637. 006 GODDEERIS, B. M., KATENDE, J. M., IRVIN, A. D. & CHUMO, R. S. C. (1982). Indirect fluorescent antibody test for experimental and epizootiological studies on East Coast fever (Theileria parva infection in cattle). Evaluation of a cell culture schizont antigen fixed and stored in suspension. Research in Veterinary Science 33, 360–365. 007 KOCH, H. T., KAMBEVA, L., NORVAL, R. A. I., OCAMA, J. G. R. & MUNATSWA, F. C. (1993). Transmission of Theileria parva bovis by nymphs of Rhipicephalus appendiculatus. Preventive Veterinary Medicine 17, 89–93. 008 MOLL, G., LOHDING, A. S., YOUNG, A. S. & LEITCH, B. L. (1986). Epidemiology of theileriosis in calves in an endemic area of Kenya. Veterinary Parasitology 19, 255–273. 009 MUKHEBI, A. W., PERRY, B. D. & KRUSKA, R. (1992). Estimated economics of theileriosis control in Africa. Preventive Veterinary Medicine 12, 73–85. 010 NEWSON, R. M., CHIERA, J. W., YOUNG, A. S., DOLAN, T. T., CUNNINGHAM, M. P. & RADLEY, D. E. (1984). Survival of Rhipicephalus appendiculatus (Acarina: Ixodidae) and persistence of Theileria parva (Apicomplexa: Theileriidae) in the field. International Journal for Parasitology 14, 483–489. 011 OCHANDA, H. (1994). Factors affecting the population dynamics of Theileria parva in rhipicephalid ticks. Ph.D. thesis, University of Warwick, UK. 012 OCHANDA, H., YOUNG, A. S., WELLS, C., MEDLEY, G. F. & PERRY, B. D. (1996). Comparison of the transmission of Theileria parva between different instars of Rhipicephalus appendiculatus. Parasitology 113, 243–253. 013 OCHANDA, H., YOUNG, A. S., MEDLEY, G. F. & PERRY, B. D. (1998). Vector competence of 7 rhipicephalid tick stocks in transmitting 2 Theileria parva parasite stocks from Kenya and Zimbabwe. Parasitology 116, 539–545. 014 PERRY, B. D., LESSARD, P., NORVAL, R. A. I., KUNDERT, K. & KRUSKA, R. (1990). Climate, vegetation and the distribution of Rhipicephalus appendiculatus in Africa. Parasitology Today 6, 100–104. 015 PURNELL, R. E., BOARER, C. D. H. & PIERCE, M. A. (1971). Theileria parva: comparative infection rates of adult and nymphal Rhipicephalus appendiculatus. Parasitology 62, 349–353. 016 RADLEY, D. E., BROWN, C. G. D., BURRIDGE, M. J., CUNNINGHAM, M. P., PIERCE, M. A. & PURNELL, R. E. (1974). East Coast fever: quantitative studies of Theileria parva in cattle. Experimental Parasitology 36, 278–287. 017 RANDOLPH, S. (1999). Epidemiological uses of a population model for the tick Rhipicephalus appendiculatus. Tropical Medicine and International Health 4, A34–A42. 018 SHORT, N. J., FLOYD, R. B., NORVAL, R. A. I. & SUTHERST, R. W. (1989). Survival and behavioural of unfed stages of the ticks Rhipicephalus appendiculatus, Boophilus decoloratus and B. microplus under field conditions in Zimbabwe. Experimental and Applied Acarology 6, 215–236. 019 SHORT, N. J. & NORVAL, R. A. I. (1981). The seasonal activity of Rhipicephalus appendiculatus Neumann, 1901 (Acarina:Ixodidae) in the highveld of Zimbabwe Rhodesia. Journal of Parasitology 67, 77–84. 020 THEILER, A. (1905). Further experiments to note how long an area remains infected with Each Coast fever. Transvaal Agricultural Journal 3, 700–706. 021 WATT, D. M. & WALKER, A. R. (2000). Pathological effects and reduced survival in Rhipicephalus appendiculatus ticks infected with Theileria parva protozoa. Parasitology Research 86, 207–214. 022 YOUNG, A. S. & LEITCH, B. L. (1981). Epidemiology of East Coast fever: some effects of temperature on the development of Theileria parva in the tick vector, Rhipicephalus appendiculatus. Parasitology 83, 199–211. 023 YOUNG, A. S., LEITCH, B. L., DOLAN, T. T., NEWSON, R. M., NGUMI, P. L. & OMWOYO, P. L. (1983). Transmission of Theileria parva by a population of Rhipicephalus appendiculatus under simulated natural conditions. Parasitology 86, 255–267. 024 YOUNG, A. S., LEITCH, B. L., MORZARIA, S. P., IRVIN, A. D., OMWOYO, P. L. & DE CASTRO, J. J. (1987). Development and survival of Theileria parva parva in Rhipicephalus appendiculatus exposed in the Trans-Mara, Kenya. Parasitology 94, 433–441.
URI:	http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/id/eprint/769

Request changes to a record

Actions (login required)

View Item