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Infrared video tracking of Anopheles gambiae at insecticide-treated bed nets reveals rapid decisive impact after brief localised net contact
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Parker, Josephine E. A., Angarita-Jaimes, Natalia, Abe, Mayumi, Towers, Catherine E., Towers, David P. and McCall, Philip J. (2015) Infrared video tracking of Anopheles gambiae at insecticide-treated bed nets reveals rapid decisive impact after brief localised net contact. Scientific Reports, 5 . 13392. doi:10.1038/srep13392
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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep13392
Abstract
Long-lasting insecticidal bed nets (LLINs) protect humans from malaria transmission and are fundamental to malaria control worldwide, but little is known of how mosquitoes interact with nets. Elucidating LLIN mode of action is essential to maintain or improve efficacy, an urgent need as emerging insecticide resistance threatens their future. Tracking multiple free-flying Anopheles gambiae responding to human-occupied bed nets in a novel large-scale system, we characterised key behaviours and events. Four behavioural modes with different levels of net contact were defined: swooping, visiting, bouncing and resting. Approximately 75% of all activity occurred at the bed net roof where multiple brief contacts were focussed above the occupant’s torso. Total flight and net contact times were lower at LLINs than untreated nets but the essential character of the response was unaltered. LLINs did not repel mosquitoes but impacted rapidly: LLIN contact of less than 1 minute per mosquito during the first ten minutes reduced subsequent activity; after thirty minutes, activity at LLINs was negligible. Velocity measurements showed that mosquitoes detected nets, including unbaited untreated nets, prior to contact. This is the most complete characterisation of mosquito-LLIN interactions to date, and reveals many aspects of LLIN mode of action, important for developing the next generation of LLINs.
| Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||||||
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| Subjects: | R Medicine > RA Public aspects of medicine > RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine T Technology > T Technology (General) |
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| Divisions: | Faculty of Science > Engineering | ||||||||
| Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Malaria -- Prevention -- Equipment and supplies , Mosquitoes -- Behavior -- Technology, Vector control , Maleria -- Transmission , Mosquito nets, Insecticides | ||||||||
| Journal or Publication Title: | Scientific Reports | ||||||||
| Publisher: | Nature Publishing Group | ||||||||
| ISSN: | 2045-2322 | ||||||||
| Official Date: | 1 September 2015 | ||||||||
| Dates: |
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| Volume: | 5 | ||||||||
| Article Number: | 13392 | ||||||||
| DOI: | 10.1038/srep13392 | ||||||||
| Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||||||
| Publication Status: | Published | ||||||||
| Access rights to Published version: | Open Access | ||||||||
| Funder: | Seventh Framework Programme (European Commission) (FP7) | ||||||||
| Grant number: | no 265660 | ||||||||
| Adapted As: |
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