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Urea based fuel cells and electrocatalysts for urea oxidation
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Xu, Weijun, Wu, Zucheng and Tao, Shanwen (2016) Urea based fuel cells and electrocatalysts for urea oxidation. Energy Technology, 4 (11). pp. 1329-1337. doi:10.1002/ente.201600185 ISSN 2194-4288.
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WRAP_1472529-es-190516-ente.201600185_-_changes_accepted_a.pdf - Accepted Version - Requires a PDF viewer. Download (1075Kb) |
Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ente.201600185
Abstract
Urea is a new member of hydrogen-storage materials for low-temperature fuel cells. It avoids issues of toxicity and safety compared to ammonia and hydrazine. The main limitation of urea fuel cells is the relative low power density due to the sluggish anode reaction. Rapid advances in nano-catalysts for urea electrooxidation have been achieved in order to lower overpotential and improve activity. Urine, as a natural resource of urea, is also an environmental pollutant. Most technologies of treating urine with self-generation electricity are based on microbial fuel cells. However, microbes are only able to utilize the organic substrates rather than urea in urine. Chemical fuel cells in contrast directly oxidize urea to nitrogen gas and removed from urine. Thus urea fuel cells have been used as an alternative method to treat urine. In the paper, the progress in urea based fuel cells and electrocatalysts for urea oxidation is reviewed.
Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||||||
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Subjects: | Q Science > QC Physics Q Science > QD Chemistry T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering |
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Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Engineering > Engineering | ||||||||
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Electrocatalysis , Energy transfer, Environmental chemistry , Urea--Oxidation, Fuel cells | ||||||||
Journal or Publication Title: | Energy Technology | ||||||||
Publisher: | Wiley - V C H Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA | ||||||||
ISSN: | 2194-4288 | ||||||||
Official Date: | November 2016 | ||||||||
Dates: |
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Volume: | 4 | ||||||||
Number: | 11 | ||||||||
Page Range: | pp. 1329-1337 | ||||||||
DOI: | 10.1002/ente.201600185 | ||||||||
Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||||||
Publication Status: | Published | ||||||||
Access rights to Published version: | Restricted or Subscription Access | ||||||||
Date of first compliant deposit: | 19 May 2016 | ||||||||
Date of first compliant Open Access: | 4 July 2017 | ||||||||
Funder: | Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC), China Scholarship Council (CSC) | ||||||||
Grant number: | EP/F028083/1, EP/H029400/1 |
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