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R-gene variation across Arabidopsis lyrata subspecies : effects of population structure, selection and mating system
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Buckley, James, Kilbride, Elizabeth, Cevik, Volkan, Vicente, Joana G., Holub, E. B. and Mable, Barbara K. (2016) R-gene variation across Arabidopsis lyrata subspecies : effects of population structure, selection and mating system. BMC Evolutionary Biology, 16 (1). 93. doi:10.1186/s12862-016-0665-5 ISSN 1471-2148.
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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12862-016-0665-5
Abstract
Background
Examining allelic variation of R-genes in closely related perennial species of Arabidopsis thaliana is critical to understanding how population structure and ecology interact with selection to shape the evolution of innate immunity in plants. We finely sampled natural populations of Arabidopsis lyrata from the Great Lakes region of North America (A. l. lyrata) and broadly sampled six European countries (A. l. petraea) to investigate allelic variation of two R-genes (RPM1 and WRR4) and neutral genetic markers (Restriction Associated DNA sequences and microsatellites) in relation to mating system, phylogeographic structure and subspecies divergence.
Results
Fine-scale sampling of populations revealed strong effects of mating system and population structure on patterns of polymorphism for both neutral loci and R-genes, with no strong evidence for selection. Broad geographic sampling revealed evidence of balancing selection maintaining polymorphism in R-genes, with elevated heterozygosity and diversity compared to neutral expectations and sharing of alleles among diverged subspecies. Codon-based tests detected both positive and purifying selection for both R-genes, as commonly found for animal immune genes.
Conclusions
Our results highlight that combining fine and broad-scale sampling strategies can reveal the multiple factors influencing polymorphism and divergence at potentially adaptive genes such as R-genes.
Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||||||
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Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Life Sciences (2010- ) | ||||||||
Journal or Publication Title: | BMC Evolutionary Biology | ||||||||
Publisher: | BioMed Central Ltd. | ||||||||
ISSN: | 1471-2148 | ||||||||
Official Date: | 5 May 2016 | ||||||||
Dates: |
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Volume: | 16 | ||||||||
Number: | 1 | ||||||||
Article Number: | 93 | ||||||||
DOI: | 10.1186/s12862-016-0665-5 | ||||||||
Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||||||
Publication Status: | Published | ||||||||
Access rights to Published version: | Open Access (Creative Commons) | ||||||||
Date of first compliant deposit: | 26 May 2016 | ||||||||
Date of first compliant Open Access: | 26 May 2016 | ||||||||
Is Part Of: | This work was funded by a NERC project grant to BKM and EH (NE/H021183/1 and NE/H020691/1). | ||||||||
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