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The effects of high frequency current ripple on electric vehicle battery performance
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Uddin, Kotub , Moore, Andrew D. , Barai, Anup and Marco, James (2016) The effects of high frequency current ripple on electric vehicle battery performance. Applied Energy, 178 . pp. 142-154. doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.06.033
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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.06.033
Abstract
The power electronic subsystems within electric vehicle (EV) powertrains are required to manage both the energy flows within the vehicle and the delivery of torque by the electrical machine. Such systems are known to generate undesired electrical noise on the high voltage bus. High frequency current oscillations, or ripple, if unhindered will enter the vehicle’s battery system. Real-world measurements of the current on the high voltage bus of a series hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) show that significant current perturbations ranging from 10 Hz to in excess of 10 kHz are present. Little is reported within the academic literature about the potential impact on battery system performance and the rate of degradation associated with exposing the battery to coupled direct current (DC) and alternating currents (AC). This paper documents an experimental investigation that studies the long-term impact of current ripple on battery performance degradation. Initial results highlight that both capacity fade and impedance rise progressively increase as the frequency of the superimposed AC current increases. A further conclusion is that the spread of degradation for cells cycled with a coupled AC–DC signal is considerably more than for cells exercised with a traditional DC waveform. The underlying causality for this degradation is not yet understood. However, this has important implications for the battery management system (BMS). Increased variations in cell capacity and impedance will cause differential current flows and heat generation within the battery pack that if not properly managed will further reduce battery life and degrade the operation of the vehicle.
| Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Subjects: | T Technology > TL Motor vehicles. Aeronautics. Astronautics | ||||||||
| Divisions: | Faculty of Science > WMG (Formerly the Warwick Manufacturing Group) | ||||||||
| Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Hybrid electric vehicles , Electric vehicles, Lithium ion batteries | ||||||||
| Journal or Publication Title: | Applied Energy | ||||||||
| Publisher: | Elsevier BV | ||||||||
| ISSN: | 0306-2619 | ||||||||
| Official Date: | 17 June 2016 | ||||||||
| Dates: |
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| Date of first compliant deposit: | 20 June 2016 | ||||||||
| Volume: | 178 | ||||||||
| Page Range: | pp. 142-154 | ||||||||
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.06.033 | ||||||||
| Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||||||
| Publication Status: | Published | ||||||||
| Access rights to Published version: | Open Access | ||||||||
| Funder: | Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC), Innovate UK, Jaguar PLC | ||||||||
| Grant number: | EP/M507143/1 and EP/N001745/ (EPSRC) | ||||||||
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