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Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials on the effects of potassium supplements on serum potassium and creatinine
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Cappuccio, Francesco, Buchanan, Laura A., Ji, Chen, Siani, Alfonso and Miller, Michelle A. (2016) Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials on the effects of potassium supplements on serum potassium and creatinine. BMJ Open, 6 (8). e011716. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2016-011716 ISSN 2044-6055.
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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2016-011716
Abstract
Objectives: High potassium intake could prevent stroke, but supplementation is considered hazardous. We assessed the effect of oral potassium supplementation on serum or plasma potassium levels and renal function.
Setting: We updated a systematic review of the effects of potassium supplementation in randomised clinical trials carried out worldwide, published in 2013, extending it to July 2015. We followed the PRISMA guidelines.
Participants: Any individual taking part in a potassium supplementation randomised clinical trial. Studies included met the following criteria: randomised clinical trials, potassium supplement given and circulating potassium levels reported.
Intervention: Oral potassium supplementation.
Primary outcome measures: Serum or plasma potassium and serum or plasma creatinine.
Results: A total of 20 trials (21 independent groups) were included (1216 participants from 12 different countries). All but 2 were controlled (placebo n=16, control n=2). Of these trials, 15 were crossover, 4 had a parallel group and 1 was sequential. The duration of supplementation varied from 2 to 24 weeks and the amount of potassium given from 22 to 140 mmol/day. In the pooled analysis, potassium supplementation caused a small but significant increase in circulating potassium levels (weighted mean difference (WMD) 0.14 mmol/L, 95% CI 0.09 to 0.19, p<1×10−5), not associated with dose or duration of treatment. The average increase in urinary potassium excretion was 45.75 mmol/24 hours, 95% CI 38.81 to 53.69, p<1×10−5. Potassium supplementation did not cause any change in circulating creatinine levels (WMD 0.30 µmol/L, 95% CI −1.19 to 1.78, p=0.70).
Conclusions: In short-term studies of relatively healthy persons, a moderate oral potassium supplement resulted in a small increase in circulating potassium levels and no change in renal function.
Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||||||
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Alternative Title: | |||||||||
Subjects: | R Medicine > RC Internal medicine R Medicine > RM Therapeutics. Pharmacology |
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Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Medicine > Warwick Medical School > Health Sciences > Mental Health and Wellbeing Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Medicine > Warwick Medical School |
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Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Cerebrovascular disease -- Treatment -- Risk factors , Potassium, Renal pharmacology | ||||||||
Journal or Publication Title: | BMJ Open | ||||||||
Publisher: | BMJ | ||||||||
ISSN: | 2044-6055 | ||||||||
Official Date: | 26 August 2016 | ||||||||
Dates: |
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Volume: | 6 | ||||||||
Number: | 8 | ||||||||
Article Number: | e011716 | ||||||||
DOI: | 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-011716 | ||||||||
Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||||||
Publication Status: | Published | ||||||||
Access rights to Published version: | Open Access (Creative Commons) | ||||||||
Date of first compliant deposit: | 23 June 2016 | ||||||||
Date of first compliant Open Access: | 29 September 2016 | ||||||||
Funder: | University of Warwick |
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