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Microscopic studies of calcium sulfate crystallization and transformation at aqueous-organic interfaces
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Ravenhill, Emma R., Kirkman, Paul M. and Unwin, Patrick R. (2016) Microscopic studies of calcium sulfate crystallization and transformation at aqueous-organic interfaces. Crystal Growth & Design, 16 (10). pp. 5887-5895. doi:10.1021/acs.cgd.6b00941 ISSN 1528-7483.
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WRAP_1355604-ch-220916-final_microscopic_studies_of_calcium_sulfate_polymorphism_at_aqueous-_organic_interfaces.pdf - Accepted Version - Requires a PDF viewer. Download (914Kb) |
Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.cgd.6b00941
Abstract
The calcium sulfate crystal system is of considerable fundamental and practical interest, consisting of the three hydrates, gypsum (CaSO4⋅2H2O), bassanite (CaSO4⋅0.5H2O) and anhydrite (CaSO4). Each have significant applications, however, synthesis of anhydrite via conventional aqueous methods requires elevated temperatures and therefore high energy costs. Herein, we investigate calcium sulfate crystal growth across a non-miscible aqueous-organic (hexane or dodecane) interface. This process is visualized via in situ optical microscopy, which produces high magnification videos of the crystal growth process. The use of interferometry, Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction allows the full range of calcium sulfate morphologies and hydrates to be analyzed subsequently in considerable detail. In the case of dodecane, gypsum is the final product, but the use of hexane in an open (evaporating) system results in anhydrite crystals, via gypsum, at room temperature. A dissolution-precipitation mechanism between neighboring microcrystals is responsible for this transformation. This work opens up a simple new crystal synthesis route for controlling and directing crystallization and transformation.
Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||||
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Subjects: | Q Science > QD Chemistry | ||||||
Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Chemistry | ||||||
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Sulfide crystals, Crystallization | ||||||
Journal or Publication Title: | Crystal Growth & Design | ||||||
Publisher: | American Chemical Society | ||||||
ISSN: | 1528-7483 | ||||||
Official Date: | 19 August 2016 | ||||||
Dates: |
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Volume: | 16 | ||||||
Number: | 10 | ||||||
Page Range: | pp. 5887-5895 | ||||||
DOI: | 10.1021/acs.cgd.6b00941 | ||||||
Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||||
Publication Status: | Published | ||||||
Access rights to Published version: | Restricted or Subscription Access | ||||||
Date of first compliant deposit: | 23 September 2016 | ||||||
Date of first compliant Open Access: | 19 August 2017 | ||||||
Funder: | Birmingham Science City, Advantage West Midlands (AWM), European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) |
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