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The role of cognitive factors in predicting balance and fall risk in a neuro-rehabilitation setting
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Saverino, A., Waller, D., Rantell, K., Parry, R., Moriarty, A. and Playford, E. Diane (2016) The role of cognitive factors in predicting balance and fall risk in a neuro-rehabilitation setting. PLoS One, 11 (4). e0153469. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0153469
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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0153469
Abstract
Introduction
There is a consistent body of evidence supporting the role of cognitive functions, particularly executive function, in the elderly and in neurological conditions which become more frequent with ageing. The aim of our study was to assess the role of different domains of cognitive functions to predict balance and fall risk in a sample of adults with various neurological conditions in a rehabilitation setting.
Methods
This was a prospective, cohort study conducted in a single centre in the UK. 114 participants consecutively admitted to a Neuro-Rehabilitation Unit were prospectively assessed for fall accidents. Baseline assessment included a measure of balance (Berg Balance Scale) and a battery of standard cognitive tests measuring executive function, speed of information processing, verbal and visual memory, visual perception and intellectual function. The outcomes of interest were the risk of becoming a faller, balance and fall rate.
Results
Two tests of executive function were significantly associated with fall risk, the Stroop Colour Word Test (IRR 1.01, 95% CI 1.00–1.03) and the number of errors on part B of the Trail Making Test (IRR 1.23, 95% CI 1.03–1.49). Composite scores of executive function, speed of information processing and visual memory domains resulted in 2 to 3 times increased likelihood of having better balance (OR 2.74 95% CI 1.08 to 6.94, OR 2.72 95% CI 1.16 to 6.36 and OR 2.44 95% CI 1.11 to 5.35 respectively).
Conclusions
Our results show that specific subcomponents of executive functions are able to predict fall risk, while a more global cognitive dysfunction is associated with poorer balance.
| Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||||||
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| Subjects: | B Philosophy. Psychology. Religion > BF Psychology R Medicine > RC Internal medicine > RC0321 Neuroscience. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry |
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| Divisions: | Faculty of Medicine > Warwick Medical School | ||||||||
| Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Falls (Accidents) in old age, Cognition -- Age factors, Neurology | ||||||||
| Journal or Publication Title: | PLoS One | ||||||||
| Publisher: | Public Library of Science | ||||||||
| ISSN: | 1932-6203 | ||||||||
| Official Date: | 26 April 2016 | ||||||||
| Dates: |
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| Date of first compliant deposit: | 18 October 2016 | ||||||||
| Volume: | 11 | ||||||||
| Number: | 4 | ||||||||
| Article Number: | e0153469 | ||||||||
| DOI: | 10.1371/journal.pone.0153469 | ||||||||
| Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||||||
| Publication Status: | Published | ||||||||
| Access rights to Published version: | Open Access | ||||||||
| Adapted As: |
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