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Sero-epidemiology of rubella in the urban population of Addis Ababa Ethiopia

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Cutts, Felicity, Abebe, A., Messele, T., Dejene, A., Enquselassie, F., Nigatu, Wondatir and Nokes, D. James. (2000) Sero-epidemiology of rubella in the urban population of Addis Ababa Ethiopia. Epidemiology and Infection, Vol.12 (No.3). pp. 467-479. ISSN 0950-2688

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Abstract

We conducted a community-based cluster sample survey of rubella sero-epidemiology in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia in 1994. Among 4666 individuals for whom complete data were available, rubella antibody prevalence was 91% (95% confidence interval: 90, 92). On multivariable analysis, seroprevalence was lower among individuals who were resident in Addis Ababa for 1 year or less. Approx. 50% seroprevalence was attained by age 4 years, and the estimated average age at infection was 5·2 years. The highest age-specific force of infection was estimated to occur in 5- to 9-year-olds. The early age at infection corresponded with a low estimated incidence of congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) of 0·3 per 1000 live births, equivalent to nine cases of CRS in 1994. The predicted critical level of immunity for elimination of rubella via vaccination was 85–91%, requiring 89–96% coverage with a vaccine of 95% effectiveness. Unless very high coverage of rubella vaccine could be guaranteed, the introduction of childhood vaccination could increase the incidence of CRS in Addis Ababa.

Item Type: Journal Article
Subjects: R Medicine > RA Public aspects of medicine > RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine
Divisions: Faculty of Science > Life Sciences (2010- ) > Biological Sciences ( -2010)
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): Rubella -- Epidemiology -- Ethiopia, Serology, Rubella in pregnancy -- Ethiopia, Vaccination of children -- Ethiopia, Addis Ababa (Ethiopia) -- Social conditions
Journal or Publication Title: Epidemiology and Infection
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISSN: 0950-2688
Official Date: June 2000
Volume: Vol.12
Number: No.3
Page Range: pp. 467-479
Identification Number: 10.1017/S0950268899003532
Status: Peer Reviewed
Access rights to Published version: Open Access
Funder: Royal Society (Great Britain), Wellcome Trust (London, England)
Grant number: 039056 (Wellcome)
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URI: http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/id/eprint/845

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