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The threatened self : considerations of time, place, and uncertainty in advanced illness
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Nanton, Veronica, Munday, Dan, Dale, Jeremy, Mason, Bruce, Kendall, Marilyn and Murray, Scott (2015) The threatened self : considerations of time, place, and uncertainty in advanced illness. British Journal of Health Psychology, 21 (2). pp. 351-373. doi:10.1111/bjhp.12172 ISSN 1359-107X.
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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bjhp.12172
Abstract
Objectives
Loss of self and the transition to patient-hood have been widely discussed in relation to the experience of advanced illness. Individuals however often maintain identities or selves beyond those demanded by the circumstances of being a patient. This study explores the presentation of this personal identity and interactions between intrinsic and extrinsic elements that support or threaten its maintenance. In particular, this study examined the impact of uncertainty on the representations of self and the part played by the patient's health care professionals and the systems in which they are embedded, in limiting or reinforcing its effects.
Methods
Complementary methods of ethnographic observation and serial narrative interviews were adopted to explore both the lo"cal social and health care context and the changing presentation of self by patients with advanced multimorbidity, chronic illness, and cancer. In total, 36 interviews were undertaken with 16 patients. Analysis was guided by concepts of time and place, combining contextual data with the unfolding patient narrative.
Results
Good pain and symptom control was a necessary, but not sufficient, condition for the maintenance of a personal identity. Essential agentic elements included knowledge of appropriate and immediate sources of help. Also important were a sense of control achieved through a shared understanding with health care professionals of the condition and active management of uncertainty. In addition, the maintenance of self depended on keeping a connection with aspects of life associated with a pre–illness identity. Critically, this self was contingent on external recognition, acknowledgement, and validation.
Conclusion
Professional relationships that focus solely on the ‘person as patient’ may be insufficient for patients’ needs. Health care professionals should seek to recognize and acknowledge the personal identity that may be critical to their sense of self-worth. Through an ongoing relationship guiding the patient through the uncertainties they face, health care professionals may play an essential role in sustaining the ‘patient as person’.
Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||||||
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Journal or Publication Title: | British Journal of Health Psychology | ||||||||
Publisher: | British Psychological Soc. | ||||||||
ISSN: | 1359-107X | ||||||||
Official Date: | May 2015 | ||||||||
Dates: |
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Volume: | 21 | ||||||||
Number: | 2 | ||||||||
Page Range: | pp. 351-373 | ||||||||
DOI: | 10.1111/bjhp.12172 | ||||||||
Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||||||
Publication Status: | Published | ||||||||
Access rights to Published version: | Restricted or Subscription Access |
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