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Rewiring host lipid metabolism by large viruses determines the fate of Emiliania huxleyi, a bloom-forming alga in the ocean
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Rosenwasser, S., Mausz, Michaela A., Schatz, D., Sheyn, U., Malitsky, S., Aharoni, A., Weinstock, E., Tzfadia, O., Ben-Dor, S., Feldmesser, E., Pohnert, G. and Vardi, A. (2014) Rewiring host lipid metabolism by large viruses determines the fate of Emiliania huxleyi, a bloom-forming alga in the ocean. The Plant Cell, 26 (6). pp. 2689-2707. doi:10.1105/tpc.114.125641 ISSN 1040-4651.
An open access version can be found in:
Official URL: https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.114.125641
Abstract
Marine viruses are major ecological and evolutionary drivers of microbial food webs regulating the fate of carbon in the ocean. We combined transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses to explore the cellular pathways mediating the interaction between the bloom-forming coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi and its specific coccolithoviruses (E. huxleyi virus [EhV]). We show that EhV induces profound transcriptome remodeling targeted toward fatty acid synthesis to support viral assembly. A metabolic shift toward production of viral-derived sphingolipids was detected during infection and coincided with downregulation of host de novo sphingolipid genes and induction of the viral-encoded homologous pathway. The depletion of host-specific sterols during lytic infection and their detection in purified virions revealed their novel role in viral life cycle. We identify an essential function of the mevalonate-isoprenoid branch of sterol biosynthesis during infection and propose its downregulation as an antiviral mechanism. We demonstrate how viral replication depends on the hijacking of host lipid metabolism during the chemical “arms race” in the ocean.
Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||||
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Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Life Sciences (2010- ) | ||||||
Journal or Publication Title: | The Plant Cell | ||||||
Publisher: | American Society of Plant Biologists | ||||||
ISSN: | 1040-4651 | ||||||
Official Date: | June 2014 | ||||||
Dates: |
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Volume: | 26 | ||||||
Number: | 6 | ||||||
Page Range: | pp. 2689-2707 | ||||||
DOI: | 10.1105/tpc.114.125641 | ||||||
Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||||
Publication Status: | Published | ||||||
Access rights to Published version: | Open Access (Creative Commons) | ||||||
Related URLs: | |||||||
Open Access Version: |
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