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Photophysics of sunscreen molecules in the gas phase : a stepwise approach towards understanding and developing next-generation sunscreens
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Rodrigues, Natércia D. N., Staniforth, Michael and Stavros, Vasilios G. (2016) Photophysics of sunscreen molecules in the gas phase : a stepwise approach towards understanding and developing next-generation sunscreens. Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 472 (2195). 20160677. doi:10.1098/rspa.2016.0677
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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2016.0677
Abstract
The relationship between exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation and skin cancer urges the need for extra photoprotection, which is presently provided by widespread commercially available sunscreen lotions. Apart from having a large absorption cross section in the UVA and UVB regions of the electromagnetic spectrum, the chemical absorbers in these photoprotective products should also be able to dissipate the excess energy in a safe way, i.e. without releasing photoproducts or inducing any further, harmful, photochemistry. While sunscreens are tested for both their photoprotective capability and dermatological compatibility, phenomena occurring at the molecular level upon absorption of UV radiation are largely overlooked. To date, there is only a limited amount of information regarding the photochemistry and photophysics of these sunscreen molecules. However, a thorough understanding of the intrinsic mechanisms by which popular sunscreen molecular constituents dissipate excess energy has the potential to aid in the design of more efficient, safer sunscreens. In this review, we explore the potential of using gas-phase frequency- and time-resolved spectroscopies in an effort to better understand the photoinduced excited-state dynamics, or photodynamics, of sunscreen molecules. Complementary computational studies are also briefly discussed. Finally, the future outlook of expanding these gas-phase studies into the solution phase is considered.
| Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||||
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| Subjects: | Q Science > QD Chemistry R Medicine > RS Pharmacy and materia medica |
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| Divisions: | Faculty of Science > Chemistry | ||||||
| Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Sunscreens (Cosmetics) -- Molecular aspects, Photochemistry, Ultraviolet radiation | ||||||
| Journal or Publication Title: | Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences | ||||||
| Publisher: | The Royal Society Publishing | ||||||
| ISSN: | 1364-5021 | ||||||
| Official Date: | 23 November 2016 | ||||||
| Dates: |
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| Volume: | 472 | ||||||
| Number: | 2195 | ||||||
| Article Number: | 20160677 | ||||||
| DOI: | 10.1098/rspa.2016.0677 | ||||||
| Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||||
| Publication Status: | Published | ||||||
| Access rights to Published version: | Open Access | ||||||
| Funder: | Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC), Royal Society (Great Britain) |
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