UNSPECIFIED (2003) Synergy and contingency as driving forces for the evolution of multiple secondary metabolite production by Streptomyces species. In: Colloquium on Chemical Communication in a Post-Genomic World, IRVINE, CALIFORNIA, JAN 17-19, 2003. Published in: PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 100 (Suppl. 2). pp. 14555-14561.

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Abstract

In this article we briefly review theories about the ecological roles of microbial secondary metabolites and discuss the prevalence of multiple secondary metabolite production by strains of Streptomyces, highlighting results from analysis of the recently sequenced Streptomyces coelicolor and Streptomyces avermitilis genomes. We address this question: Why is multiple secondary metabolite production in Streptomyces species so commonplace? We argue that synergy or contingency in the action of individual metabolites against biological competitors may, in some cases, be a powerful driving force for the evolution of multiple secondary metabolite production. This argument is illustrated with examples of the coproduction of synergistically acting antibiotics and contingently acting siderophores: two well-known classes of secondary metabolite. We focus, in particular, on the coproduction of beta-lactam antibiotics and beta-lactamase inhibitors, the coproduction of type A and type B streptogramins, and the coregulated production and independent uptake of structurally distinct siderophores by species of Streptomyces. Possible mechanisms for the evolution of multiple synergistic and contingent metabolite production in Streptomyces species are discussed. It is concluded that the production by Streptomyces species of two or more secondary metabolites that act synergistically or contingently against biological competitors may be far more common than has previously been recognized, and that synergy and contingency may be common driving forces for the evolution of multiple secondary metabolite production by these sessile saprophytes.

Item Type:	Conference Item (UNSPECIFIED)
Subjects:	Q Science
Journal or Publication Title:	PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Publisher:	NATL ACAD SCIENCES
ISSN:	0027-8424
Date:	25 November 2003
Volume:	100
Number:	Suppl. 2
Number of Pages:	7
Page Range:	pp. 14555-14561
Identification Number:	10.1073/pnas.1934677100
Publication Status:	Published
Title of Event:	Colloquium on Chemical Communication in a Post-Genomic World
Location of Event:	IRVINE, CALIFORNIA
Date(s) of Event:	JAN 17-19, 2003
URI:	http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/id/eprint/9069

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