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Police officer on the frontline or a soldier? The effect of police militarization on crime

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Bove, Vincenzo and Gavrilova, Evelina (2017) Police officer on the frontline or a soldier? The effect of police militarization on crime. American Economic Journal: Economic Policy, 9 (3). pp. 1-18. doi:10.1257/pol.20150478 ISSN 1945-7731.

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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/pol.20150478

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Abstract

Sparked by high-profile confrontations between police and citizens in Ferguson, Missouri, and elsewhere, many commentators have criticized the excessive militarization of law enforcement. We investigate whether surplus military-grade equipment acquired by local police departments from the Pentagon has an effect on crime rates. We use temporal variations in US military expenditure and between-counties variation in the odds of receiving a positive amount of military aid to identify the causal effect of militarized policing on crime. We find that (i) military aid reduces street-level crime; (ii) the program is cost-effective; and (iii) there is evidence in favor of a deterrence mechanism.

Item Type: Journal Article
Subjects: H Social Sciences > HV Social pathology. Social and public welfare
Divisions: Faculty of Social Sciences > Politics and International Studies
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): Militarization of police -- Mathematical models -- United States, Law enforcement -- Mathematical models -- United States, Police -- Mathematical models -- United States
Journal or Publication Title: American Economic Journal: Economic Policy
Publisher: American Economic Association
ISSN: 1945-7731
Official Date: August 2017
Dates:
DateEvent
August 2017Published
22 September 2016Accepted
Volume: 9
Number: 3
Page Range: pp. 1-18
DOI: 10.1257/pol.20150478
Status: Peer Reviewed
Publication Status: Published
Access rights to Published version: Restricted or Subscription Access
Date of first compliant deposit: 31 July 2017
Date of first compliant Open Access: 31 July 2017

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