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Cytoskeletal variations in an asymmetric cell division support diversity in nematode sperm size and sex ratios

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Winter, Ethan S., Schwarz, Anna, Fabig, Gunar, Feldman, Jessica L., Pires-da Silva, André Francisco, Müller-Reichert, Thomas, Sadler, Penny L. and Shakes, Diane C. (2017) Cytoskeletal variations in an asymmetric cell division support diversity in nematode sperm size and sex ratios. Development , 144 (18). pp. 3253-3263. doi:10.1242/dev.153841

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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.153841

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Abstract

Asymmetric partitioning is an essential component of many developmental processes. As spermatogenesis concludes, sperm are streamlined by discarding unnecessary cellular into cellular wastebags called residual bodies (RBs). During nematode spermatogenesis, this asymmetric partitioning event occurs shortly after anaphase II, and both microtubules and actin partition into a central RB. Here we use fluorescence and transmission electron microscopy to elucidate and compare the intermediate steps of RB formation in C. elegans, Rhabditis sp. SB347 (recently named Auanema rhodensis) and related nematodes. In all cases, intact microtubules reorganize and move from centrosomal to non-centrosomal sites at the RB-sperm boundary while actin reorganizes through cortical ring expansion and clearance from the poles. However, in species with tiny spermatocytes, these cytoskeletal changes are restricted to one pole. Consequently, partitioning yields one functional sperm with the X-bearing chromosome complement and an RB with the other chromosome set. Unipolar partitioning may not require an unpaired X, since it also occurs in XX spermatocytes. Instead, constraints related to spermatocyte downsizing may have contributed to the evolution of a sperm cell equivalent to female polar bodies.

Item Type: Journal Article
Subjects: Q Science > QH Natural history
Q Science > QL Zoology
Divisions: Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Life Sciences (2010- )
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): Nematodes -- Spermatozoa, Meiosis
Journal or Publication Title: Development
Publisher: The Company of Biologists Ltd.
ISSN: 0950-1991
Official Date: 21 August 2017
Dates:
DateEvent
21 August 2017Available
14 August 2017Accepted
Volume: 144
Number: 18
Page Range: pp. 3253-3263
DOI: 10.1242/dev.153841
Status: Peer Reviewed
Publication Status: Published
Access rights to Published version: Restricted or Subscription Access
Funder: National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (NIH), National Science Foundation (U.S.) (NSF), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), College of William and Mary
Grant number: 1R155GM096309-0 and DP2GM119136-01 (NIH), IOS 1122101 (NSF), MU 1423/3-2 and 10-1 (DFG)

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