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Process evaluation results of a cluster randomised controlled childhood obesity prevention trial : the WAVES study
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WAVES study trial investigators (Including: Griffin, T. L., Clarke, J. L., Lancashire, E. R., Pallan, M. J. and Adab, P.). (2017) Process evaluation results of a cluster randomised controlled childhood obesity prevention trial : the WAVES study. BMC Public Health, 17 (1). 681. doi:10.1186/s12889-017-4690-0 ISSN 1471-2458.
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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-017-4690-0
Abstract
Background
Increasing prevalence of childhood obesity and its related consequences emphasises the importance of developing and evaluating interventions aimed at prevention. The importance of process evaluation in health intervention research is increasingly recognised, assessing implementation and participant response, and how these may relate to intervention success or failure. A comprehensive process evaluation was designed and undertaken for the West Midlands ActiVe lifestyle and healthy Eating in School children (WAVES) study that tested the effectiveness of an obesity prevention programme for children aged 6-7 years, delivered in 24 UK schools. The four intervention components were: additional daily school-time physical activity (PA); cooking workshops for children and parents; Villa Vitality (VV), a 6-week healthy lifestyle promotion programme run by a local football club; and signposting to local PA opportunities.
Methods
Data relating to six dimensions (Fidelity, Reach, Recruitment, Quality, Participant Responsiveness, Context) were collected via questionnaires, logbooks, direct observations, focus groups and interviews. Multiple data collection methods allowed for data triangulation and validation of methods, comparing research observations with teacher records. The 6-stage WAVES study model ((i) Data collection, (ii) Collation, (iii) Tabulation, (iv) Score allocation and discussion, (v) Consultation, (vi) Final score allocation) was developed to guide the collection, assimilation and analysis of process evaluation data. Two researchers independently allocated school scores on a 5-point Likert scale for each process evaluation dimension. Researchers then discussed school score allocations and reached a consensus. Schools were ranked by total score, and grouped to reflect low, medium or high intervention implementation.
Results
The intervention was predominantly well-implemented and well-received by teachers, parents and children. The PA component was identified as the most challenging, VV the least. Median implementation score across schools was 56/75 (IQR, 51.0 - 60.8). Agreement between teacher logbooks and researcher observations was generally high, the main discrepancies occurred in session duration reporting where in some cases teachers’ estimations tended to be higher than researchers’.
Conclusions
The WAVES study model provides a rigorous and replicable approach to undertaking and analysing a multi-component process evaluation. Challenges to implementing school-based obesity prevention interventions have been identified which can be used to inform future trials.
| Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||||
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| Subjects: | R Medicine > RJ Pediatrics > RJ101 Child Health. Child health services | ||||||
| Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Medicine > Warwick Medical School > Health Sciences > Social Science & Systems in Health (SSSH) | ||||||
| Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Obesity in children -- Prevention -- West Midlands (England) | ||||||
| Journal or Publication Title: | BMC Public Health | ||||||
| Publisher: | BioMed Central Ltd. | ||||||
| ISSN: | 1471-2458 | ||||||
| Official Date: | 29 August 2017 | ||||||
| Dates: |
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| Volume: | 17 | ||||||
| Number: | 1 | ||||||
| Article Number: | 681 | ||||||
| DOI: | 10.1186/s12889-017-4690-0 | ||||||
| Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||||
| Publication Status: | Published | ||||||
| Access rights to Published version: | Open Access (Creative Commons) | ||||||
| Date of first compliant deposit: | 31 August 2017 | ||||||
| Date of first compliant Open Access: | 31 August 2017 | ||||||
| Funder: | National Institute for Health Research Health Technology Assessment (Great Britain) (NIHR HTA) | ||||||
| Grant number: | Project number 06/85/11 | ||||||
| Contributors: |
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