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Soft balancing in the Americas : Latin American opposition to U.S. intervention, 1898–1936
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Friedman, Max Paul and Long, Tom (Thomas Stephen) (2015) Soft balancing in the Americas : Latin American opposition to U.S. intervention, 1898–1936. International Security, 40 (1). pp. 120-156. doi:10.1162/ISEC_a_00212 ISSN 0162-2889.
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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/ISEC_a_00212
Abstract
In the aftermath of the 2003 U.S.-led invasion of Iraq, scholars of international relations debated how to best characterize the rising tide of global opposition. The concept of “soft balancing” emerged as an influential, though contested, explanation of a new phenomenon in a unipolar world: states seeking to constrain the ability of the United States to deploy military force by using multinational organizations, international law, and coalition building. Soft balancing can also be observed in regional unipolar systems. Multinational archival research reveals how Argentina, Mexico, and other Latin American countries responded to expanding U.S. power and military assertiveness in the early twentieth century through coordinated diplomatic maneuvering that provides a strong example of soft balancing. Examination of this earlier case makes an empirical contribution to the emerging soft-balancing literature and suggests that soft balancing need not lead to hard balancing or open conflict.
Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||||||
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Subjects: | E History America > E151 United States (General) F History United States, Canada, Latin America > F1201 Latin America (General) |
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Divisions: | Faculty of Social Sciences > Politics and International Studies | ||||||||
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Latin America -- Foreign relations -- United States -- 1933-1945, United States -- Foreign relations -- Latin America -- 1933-1945 | ||||||||
Journal or Publication Title: | International Security | ||||||||
Publisher: | M I T Press | ||||||||
ISSN: | 0162-2889 | ||||||||
Official Date: | 14 August 2015 | ||||||||
Dates: |
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Volume: | 40 | ||||||||
Number: | 1 | ||||||||
Page Range: | pp. 120-156 | ||||||||
DOI: | 10.1162/ISEC_a_00212 | ||||||||
Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||||||
Publication Status: | Published | ||||||||
Access rights to Published version: | Restricted or Subscription Access | ||||||||
Date of first compliant deposit: | 4 October 2017 | ||||||||
Date of first compliant Open Access: | 5 October 2017 |
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