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Reducing extracellular Ca2+ induces adenosine release via equilibrative nucleoside transporters to provide negative feedback control of activity in the hippocampus
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Diez, Rebecca, Richardson, Magnus J. E. and Wall, Mark J. (2017) Reducing extracellular Ca2+ induces adenosine release via equilibrative nucleoside transporters to provide negative feedback control of activity in the hippocampus. Frontiers in Neural Circuits, 11 . 75. doi:10.3389/fncir.2017.00075 ISSN 1662-5110.
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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fncir.2017.00075
Abstract
Neural circuit activity increases the release of the purine neuromodulator adenosine into the extracellular space leading to A1 receptor activation and negative feedback via membrane hyperpolarization and inhibition of transmitter release. Adenosine can be released by a number of different mechanisms that include Ca2+ dependent processes such as the exocytosis of ATP. During sustained pathological network activity, ischemia and hypoxia the extracellular concentration of calcium ions (Ca2+) markedly falls, inhibiting exocytosis and potentially reducing adenosine release. However it has been observed that reducing extracellular Ca2+ can induce paradoxical neural activity and can also increase adenosine release. Here we have investigated adenosine signaling and release mechanisms that occur when extracellular Ca2+ is removed. Using electrophysiology and microelectrode biosensor measurements we have found that adenosine is directly released into the extracellular space by the removal of extracellular Ca2+ and controls the induced neural activity via A1 receptor-mediated membrane potential hyperpolarization. Following Ca2+ removal, adenosine is released via equilibrative nucleoside transporters (ENTs), which when blocked leads to hyper-excitation. We propose that sustained action potential firing following Ca2+ removal leads to hydrolysis of ATP and a build-up of intracellular adenosine which then effluxes into the extracellular space via ENTs.
Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||||
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Subjects: | Q Science > QP Physiology | ||||||
Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Life Sciences (2010- ) Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Mathematics |
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Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Adenosine, Hippocampus (Brain) -- Physiology | ||||||
Journal or Publication Title: | Frontiers in Neural Circuits | ||||||
Publisher: | Frontiers Media | ||||||
ISSN: | 1662-5110 | ||||||
Official Date: | 10 October 2017 | ||||||
Dates: |
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Volume: | 11 | ||||||
Article Number: | 75 | ||||||
DOI: | 10.3389/fncir.2017.00075 | ||||||
Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||||
Publication Status: | Published | ||||||
Access rights to Published version: | Open Access (Creative Commons) | ||||||
Date of first compliant deposit: | 16 October 2017 | ||||||
Date of first compliant Open Access: | 16 October 2017 | ||||||
Funder: | Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (Great Britain) (BBSRC) | ||||||
Grant number: | BB/J015369/1 |
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