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Dog skin parasite load, TLR-2, IL-10 and TNF-α expression and infectiousness
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Pereira-Fonseca, D. C. M., Oliveira-Rovai, F. M., Rodas, L. A. C., Beloti, C. A. C., Torrecilha, R. B. P., Ito, P. K. R. K., Avanço, S. V., Cipriano, R. S., Utsunomiya, Y. T., Hiramoto, R. M., Calvo-Bado, Leo A., Courtenay, Orin, Machado, G. F., Lima, V. M. F. and Nunes, C. M. (2017) Dog skin parasite load, TLR-2, IL-10 and TNF-α expression and infectiousness. Parasite Immunology, 39 (11). e12493. doi:10.1111/pim.12493
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WRAP-dog-skin-parasite-load-expression-infectiousness-Courtenay-2017.pdf - Accepted Version - Requires a PDF viewer. Download (1154Kb) | Preview |
Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/pim.12493
Abstract
Visceral leishmaniosis is a zoonotic disease that is transmitted by Lutzomyia longipalpis sandflies. Dogs are the main peri-urban reservoir of the disease, and progression of canine leishmaniosis is dependent on the type of immune response elaborated against the parasite. Type 1 immunity is characterized by effective cellular response, with production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). In contrast, Type 2 immunity is predominantly humoral, associated with progression of the disease and mediated by anti-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin 10 (IL-10). Although seemly important in the dynamics of leishmaniosis, other gene products such as toll-like receptor 2 (TRL-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) exert unclear roles in the determination of the type of immune response. Given that the dog skin serves as a micro-environment for the multiplication of Leishmania spp., we investigated the parasite load and the expression of TLR-2, iNOS, IL-10 and TNF-α in the skin of 29 infected and 8 control dogs. We found that increased parasite load leads to upregulation of TLR-2, IL-10 and TNF-α, indicating that abundance of these transcripts is associated with infection. We also performed a xenodiagnosis to demonstrate that increased parasitism is a risk factor for infectiousness to sandflies.
| Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||||||
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| Subjects: | R Medicine > RC Internal medicine | ||||||||
| Divisions: | Faculty of Science > Life Sciences (2010- ) | ||||||||
| Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Kala-azar, Dogs -- Diseases -- Immunology, Sand flies | ||||||||
| Journal or Publication Title: | Parasite Immunology | ||||||||
| Publisher: | Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd. | ||||||||
| ISSN: | 0141-9838 | ||||||||
| Official Date: | November 2017 | ||||||||
| Dates: |
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| Volume: | 39 | ||||||||
| Number: | 11 | ||||||||
| Article Number: | e12493 | ||||||||
| DOI: | 10.1111/pim.12493 | ||||||||
| Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||||||
| Publication Status: | Published | ||||||||
| Access rights to Published version: | Open Access | ||||||||
| Funder: | Brazil. Coordenação do Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) |
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