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In the aftermath of unfair events : understanding the differential effects of anxiety and anger
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Barclay, Laurie J. and Kiefer, Tina (2019) In the aftermath of unfair events : understanding the differential effects of anxiety and anger. Journal of Management, 45 (5). pp. 1802-1829. doi:10.1177/0149206317739107 ISSN 0149-2063.
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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0149206317739107
Abstract
After decades of domination by social exchange theory and its focus on a manager-centered perspective, fairness scholars have recently issued numerous calls to shift attention toward understanding employees’ subjective “lived-through” experiences and in situ responses to unfair events. Using appraisal theories, we argue that focusing on the employee’s perspective highlights the importance of emotions in fairness experiences. Further, this emphasis creates opportunities for novel insights regarding the emotions that are likely to be relevant, the constructive responses that can emerge from unfairness, and the interplay between unfair events and entity fairness judgments. Using a daily diary study with event sampling, we highlight the importance of anger and anxiety in understanding how individuals experience and react to unfair events. Results indicated that anger elicited counterproductive work behaviors, whereas anxiety initiated problem prevention behaviors (i.e., a subdimension of proactive work behavior). Further, by engaging in problem prevention behaviors, employees can positively influence their subsequent overall fairness judgments. Experiences of an unfair event can also be shaped by individuals’ preexisting overall fairness judgments, such that preexisting overall fairness judgments are negatively associated with anger but positively associated with anxiety. Implications for theory and practice are discussed, including the influential role of emotions for fairness experiences, how employees’ own behaviors can influence subsequent overall fairness judgments, the interplay between unfair events and entity judgments, and ensuring that fairness is effectively managed on a daily basis.
Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||||||
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Subjects: | B Philosophy. Psychology. Religion > BF Psychology H Social Sciences > HD Industries. Land use. Labor |
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Divisions: | Faculty of Social Sciences > Warwick Business School > Industrial Relations & Organisational Behaviour Faculty of Social Sciences > Warwick Business School |
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Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Psychology, Industrial, Fairness, Social exchange, Industrial relations, Anger in the workplace, Anxiety, Work environment | ||||||||
Journal or Publication Title: | Journal of Management | ||||||||
Publisher: | Sage Publications Ltd. | ||||||||
ISSN: | 0149-2063 | ||||||||
Official Date: | May 2019 | ||||||||
Dates: |
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Volume: | 45 | ||||||||
Number: | 5 | ||||||||
Page Range: | pp. 1802-1829 | ||||||||
DOI: | 10.1177/0149206317739107 | ||||||||
Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||||||
Publication Status: | Published | ||||||||
Access rights to Published version: | Restricted or Subscription Access | ||||||||
Date of first compliant deposit: | 3 November 2017 | ||||||||
Date of first compliant Open Access: | 6 November 2017 | ||||||||
Funder: | Ontario. Ministry of Research and Innovation, Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada (SSHRC) |
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