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Humans display a reduced set of consistent behavioral phenotypes in dyadic games

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Poncela-Casasnovas, J., Gutierrez-Roig , Mario, Gracia-Lazaro, C., Vicens, J., Gomez-Gardenes, J., Perello, J., Moreno, Y., Duch, J. and Sanchez, A. (2016) Humans display a reduced set of consistent behavioral phenotypes in dyadic games. Science Advances, 2 (8). e1600451. doi:10.1126/sciadv.1600451

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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1600451

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Abstract

Socially relevant situations that involve strategic interactions are widespread among animals and humans alike. To study these situations, theoretical and experimental research has adopted a game theoretical perspective, generating valuable insights about human behavior. However, most of the results reported so far have been obtained from a population perspective and considered one specific conflicting situation at a time. This makes it difficult to extract conclusions about the consistency of individuals’ behavior when facing different situations and to define a comprehensive classification of the strategies underlying the observed behaviors. We present the results of a lab-in-the-field experiment in which subjects face four different dyadic games, with the aim of establishing general behavioral rules dictating individuals’ actions. By analyzing our data with an unsupervised clustering algorithm, we find that all the subjects conform, with a large degree of consistency, to a limited number of behavioral phenotypes (envious, optimist, pessimist, and trustful), with only a small fraction of undefined subjects. We also discuss the possible connections to existing interpretations based on a priori theoretical approaches. Our findings provide a relevant contribution to the experimental and theoretical efforts toward the identification of basic behavioral phenotypes in a wider set of contexts without aprioristic assumptions regarding the rules or strategies behind actions. From this perspective, our work contributes to a fact-based approach to the study of human behavior in strategic situations, which could be applied to simulating societies, policy-making scenario building, and even a variety of business applications.

Item Type: Journal Article
Subjects: B Philosophy. Psychology. Religion > BF Psychology
H Social Sciences > HM Sociology
Divisions: Faculty of Social Sciences > Warwick Business School > Behavioural Science
Faculty of Social Sciences > Warwick Business School
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): Human behavior, Dyadic analysis (Social sciences)
Journal or Publication Title: Science Advances
Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science
ISSN: 2375-2548
Official Date: 2 July 2016
Dates:
DateEvent
2 July 2016Accepted
Volume: 2
Number: 8
Article Number: e1600451
DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1600451
Status: Peer Reviewed
Publication Status: Published
Access rights to Published version: Open Access
RIOXX Funder/Project Grant:
Project/Grant IDRIOXX Funder NameFunder ID
FIS2013-47532-C3-1-P Ministerio de Economía y Competitividadhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003329
FIS2013-47532-C3-2-P Ministerio de Economía y Competitividadhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003329
FIS2012-38266-C02-01 Ministerio de Economía y Competitividadhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003329
FIS2011- 25167Ministerio de Economía y Competitividadhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003329
Contract no. 2014 SGR 608Generalitat de Catalunyahttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100002809
Contract no. 2013 DI 49Generalitat de Catalunyahttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100002809
Contract no. 317532H2020 Future and Emerging Technologieshttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100010664
Contract no. 640772 H2020 Future and Emerging Technologieshttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100010664
UNSPECIFIEDComunidad de AragonUNSPECIFIED

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