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Auxin molecular field maps define AUX1 selectivity : many auxin herbicides are not substrates

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Hoyerova, Klara, Hosek, Petr, Quareshy, Mussa, Li, Jun, Klima, Petr, Kubes, Martin, Yemm, Antony A., Neve, Paul, Tripathi, Ashutosh, Bennett , Malcolm J. and Napier, R. (Richard) (2018) Auxin molecular field maps define AUX1 selectivity : many auxin herbicides are not substrates. New Phytologist, 217 (4). pp. 1625-1639. doi:10.1111/nph.14950 ISSN 0028-646X.

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Official URL: https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.14950

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Abstract

Developmental responses to auxin are regulated by facilitated uptake and efflux, but detailed molecular understanding of the carrier proteins is incomplete.
We have used pharmacological tools to explore the chemical space that defines substrate preferences for the auxin uptake carrier AUX1. Total and partial loss-of-function aux1 mutants were assessed against wild-type for dose-dependent resistance to a range of auxins and analogues. We then developed an auxin accumulation assay with associated mathematical modelling to enumerate accurate IC50 values for a small library of auxin analogues. The structure activity relationship data were analysed using molecular field analyses to create a pharmacophoric atlas of AUX1 substrates.
The uptake carrier exhibits a very high level of selectivity towards small substrates including the natural indole-3-acetic acid, and the synthetic auxin 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. No AUX1 activity was observed for herbicides based on benzoic acid (dicamba), pyridinyloxyacetic acid (triclopyr) or the 6-arylpicolinates (halauxifen), and very low affinity was found for picolinic acid-based auxins (picloram) and quinolinecarboxylic acids (quinclorac).
The atlas demonstrates why some widely used auxin herbicides are not, or are very poor substrates. We list molecular descriptors for AUX1 substrates and discuss our findings in terms of herbicide resistance management.

Item Type: Journal Article
Divisions: Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Life Sciences (2010- )
Journal or Publication Title: New Phytologist
Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
ISSN: 0028-646X
Official Date: March 2018
Dates:
DateEvent
March 2018Published
19 December 2017Available
4 November 2017Accepted
Volume: 217
Number: 4
Page Range: pp. 1625-1639
DOI: 10.1111/nph.14950
Status: Peer Reviewed
Publication Status: Published
Access rights to Published version: Restricted or Subscription Access
Date of first compliant deposit: 23 November 2017
Date of first compliant Open Access: 19 December 2018

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