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Direct probing of polarization charge at nanoscale level
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Kwon, Owoong, Seol, Daehee, Lee, Dongkyu, Han, Hee, Lindfors-Vrejoiu, Ionela, Lee, Woo, Jesse, Stephen, Lee, Ho Nyung, Kalinin, Sergei V., Alexe, M. (Marin) and Kim, Yunseok (2017) Direct probing of polarization charge at nanoscale level. Advanced Materials . 1703675. doi:10.1002/adma.201703675
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WRAP-direct-probing-polarization-charge-nanoscale-level-Alexe-2017.pdf - Accepted Version - Requires a PDF viewer. Download (3462Kb) | Preview |
Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.201703675
Abstract
Ferroelectric materials possess spontaneous polarization that can be used for multiple applications. Owing to a long-term development of reducing the sizes of devices, the preparation of ferroelectric materials and devices is entering the nanometer-scale regime. Accordingly, to evaluate the ferroelectricity, there is a need to investigate the polarization charge at the nanoscale. Nonetheless, it is generally accepted that the detection of polarization charges using a conventional conductive atomic force microscopy (CAFM) without a top electrode is not feasible because the nanometer-scale radius of an atomic force microscopy (AFM) tip yields a very low signal-to-noise ratio. However, the detection is unrelated to the radius of an AFM tip and, in fact, a matter of the switched area. In this work, the direct probing of the polarization charge at the nanoscale is demonstrated using the positive-up-negative-down method based on the conventional CAFM approach without additional corrections or circuits to reduce the parasitic capacitance. The polarization charge densities of 73.7 and 119.0 µC cm−2 are successfully probed in ferroelectric nanocapacitors and thin films, respectively. The obtained results show the feasibility of the evaluation of polarization charge at the nanoscale and provide a new guideline for evaluating the ferroelectricity at the nanoscale.
| Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||||||||||
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| Subjects: | Q Science > QC Physics T Technology > T Technology (General) |
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| Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Physics | ||||||||||||
| Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Nanotechnology, Ferroelectricity -- Materials, Electrons -- Polarization | ||||||||||||
| Journal or Publication Title: | Advanced Materials | ||||||||||||
| Publisher: | Wiley - V C H Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA | ||||||||||||
| ISSN: | 0935-9648 | ||||||||||||
| Official Date: | 14 November 2017 | ||||||||||||
| Dates: |
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| Article Number: | 1703675 | ||||||||||||
| DOI: | 10.1002/adma.201703675 | ||||||||||||
| Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||||||||||
| Publication Status: | Published | ||||||||||||
| Access rights to Published version: | Restricted or Subscription Access | ||||||||||||
| RIOXX Funder/Project Grant: |
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