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Pre-pregnancy overweight or obesity and gestational diabetes as predictors of body composition in offspring twenty years later : evidence from two birth cohort studies

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Kaseva, N., Vääräsmäki, M., Matinolli, H.-M., Sipola-Leppänen, M., Tikanmäki, M., Heinonen, K., Lano, A., Wolke, Dieter, Andersson, S., Järvelin, M.-R., Raikkonen, K., Eriksson Johan, G. and Kajantie, E. (2017) Pre-pregnancy overweight or obesity and gestational diabetes as predictors of body composition in offspring twenty years later : evidence from two birth cohort studies. International Journal of Obesity . doi:10.1038/ijo.2017.277

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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ijo.2017.277

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Abstract

Background. Global prevalence of overweight/obesity and gestational diabetes (GDM) is increasing. In pregnant women both conditions affect offspring's later health. Overweight/obesity is a risk factor of GDM; to what extent maternal overweight/obesity explains long-term effects of GDM in offspring is unknown.

Objective. To evaluate effects of maternal pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity (BMI ⩾25 kg/m2) and GDM, occurring together or separately, on body composition among adult offspring.

Methods. Participants include 891 individuals aged 24.1 years (s.d. 1.4) from two longitudinal cohort studies (ESTER and AYLS). Adult offspring of normoglycemic mothers with overweight/obesity (ONOO, n=153), offspring of mothers with GDM (OGDM; n=191) and controls (n=547) underwent anthropometric measurements and bioimpedance analysis. GDM was diagnosed by oral glucose tolerance test. Data were analyzed by linear regression models adjusted for confounders.

Results. Compared with controls, ONOO-participants showed higher BMI [men 1.64 kg/m2 (95% confidence interval 0.57, 2.72); women 1.41 kg/m2 (0.20, 2.63)] and fat percentage [men 2.70% (0.99, 4.41); women 2.98% (0.87, 5.09)] with larger waist circumferences [men 3.34 cm (0.68, 5.99); women 3.09 cm (0.35, 5.83)]. Likewise, OGDM-participants showed higher fat percentage [men 1.97% (0.32, 3.61); women 2.32% (0.24, 4.41)]. BMI was non-significantly different between OGDM-participants and controls [men 0.88kg/m2 (-0.17, 1.92); women 0.82 kg/m2 (-0.39, 2.04)]. Also waist circumferences were larger [men 2.63 cm (-0.01, 5.28); women 3.39 cm (0.60, 6.18)], this difference was statistically significant in OGDM-women only. Differences in body composition measures were stronger among offspring of women with both GDM and overweight/obesity. For instance, fat mass was higher among OGDM-participants of overweight mothers [men 4.24 kg (1.36, 7.11) vs controls; women 5.22 kg (1.33, 9.11)] than OGDM participants of normal weight mothers [men 1.50 kg (-2.11, 5.11) higher vs controls; women 1.57 kg (-3.27, 6.42)].

Conclusions. Maternal pre-pregnancy overweight and GDM are associated with unhealthy body size and composition in offspring over 20 years later. Effects of maternal pre-pregnancy overweight appear more pronounced.

Item Type: Journal Article
Subjects: R Medicine > RG Gynecology and obstetrics
Divisions: Faculty of Science > Psychology
SWORD Depositor: Library Publications Router
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): Pregnancy -- Complications, Overweight women, Diabetes in pregnancy, Prenatal influences, Obesity, Mothers -- Nutrition
Journal or Publication Title: International Journal of Obesity
Publisher: Nature Publishing Group
ISSN: 0307-0565
Official Date: 17 November 2017
Dates:
DateEvent
17 November 2017Published
30 October 2017Accepted
Identifier: 10.1038/ijo.2017.277
Status: Peer Reviewed
Publication Status: Published
Access rights to Published version: Restricted or Subscription Access
RIOXX Funder/Project Grant:
Project/Grant IDFunder NameFunder ID
SALVE program, 2009-2012Academy of Finlandhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100002341
127437Academy of Finlandhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100002341
129306Academy of Finlandhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100002341
130326Academy of Finlandhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100002341
134791Academy of Finlandhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100002341
263924Academy of Finlandhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100002341
274794Academy of Finlandhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100002341
Doctoral Programme for Public HealthTampereen Yliopistohttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004371
UNSPECIFIEDEmil Aaltosen Säätiöhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004756
QLG1-CT-2000-001643Fifth Framework Programmehttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100011104
SC1-2016-RTD-733180 RECAPHorizon 2020 Framework Programmehttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100010661
UNSPECIFIEDLastentautien Tutkimussäätiöhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100005744
UNSPECIFIEDFinnish Government Special Subsidiary for Health SciencesUNSPECIFIED
UNSPECIFIEDSuomalainen Lääkäriseura Duodecimhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100008403
UNSPECIFIEDFinska Läkaresällskapethttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100010135
UNSPECIFIEDJalmari ja Rauha Ahokkaan Säätiöhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100010125
UNSPECIFIEDJuho Vainion Säätiöhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004037
UNSPECIFIEDNational Graduate School of Clinical InvestigationUNSPECIFIED
UNSPECIFIEDNovo Nordiskhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004191
UNSPECIFIEDSigne ja Ane Gyllenbergin Säätiöhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004325
UNSPECIFIEDSigrid Juséliuksen Säätiöhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100006306
UNSPECIFIEDYrjö Jahnssonin Säätiöhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100010114
PKE 4Bundesministerium für Forschung und Technologiehttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004937
JUG 14Bundesministerium für Forschung und Technologiehttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004937
UNSPECIFIEDSamfundet Folkhälsanhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004810
UNSPECIFIEDPäivikki ja Sakari Sohlbergin Säätiöhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004212
UNSPECIFIEDFinnish Government Special Subsidiary for Health Sciences (EVO) UNSPECIFIED
UNSPECIFIEDValtakunnallinen kliininen tutkijakoulu [National Graduate School of Clinical Investigation]UNSPECIFIED

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