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The storage and recall of memories in the hippocampo-cortical system

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Rolls, Edmund T. (2017) The storage and recall of memories in the hippocampo-cortical system. Cell and Tissue Research . doi:10.1007/s00441-017-2744-3

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Official URL: http:doi.org/10.1007/s00441-017-2744-3

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Abstract

A quantitative computational theory of the operation of the hippocampus as an episodic memory system is described. The CA3 system operates as a single attractor or autoassociation network (1) to enable rapid one-trial associations between any spatial location (place in rodents or spatial view in primates) and an object or reward and (2) to provide for completion of the whole memory during recall from any part. The theory is extended to associations between time and object or reward to implement temporal order memory, which is also important in episodic memory. The dentate gyrus performs pattern separation by competitive learning to create sparse representations producing, for example, neurons with place-like fields from entorhinal cortex grid cells. The dentate granule cells generate, by the very small number of mossy fibre connections to CA3, a randomizing pattern separation effect that is important during learning but not recall and that separates out the patterns represented by CA3 firing as being very different from each other. This is optimal for an unstructured episodic memory system in which each memory must be kept distinct from other memories. The direct perforant path input to CA3 is quantitatively appropriate for providing the cue for recall in CA3 but not for learning. The CA1 recodes information from CA3 to set up associatively learned backprojections to the neocortex to allow the subsequent retrieval of information to the neocortex, giving a quantitative account of the large number of hippocampo-neocortical and neocortical-neocortical backprojections. Tests of the theory including hippocampal subregion analyses and hippocampal NMDA receptor knockouts are described and support the theory.

Item Type: Journal Article
Subjects: B Philosophy. Psychology. Religion > BF Psychology
R Medicine > RC Internal medicine > RC0321 Neuroscience. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry
Divisions: Faculty of Science > Computer Science
SWORD Depositor: Library Publications Router
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): Memory, Hippocampus (Brain), Neural circuitry , Cognitive neuroscience
Journal or Publication Title: Cell and Tissue Research
Publisher: Springer
ISSN: 0302-766X
Official Date: 7 December 2017
Dates:
DateEvent
7 December 2017Published
12 November 2017Accepted
DOI: 10.1007/s00441-017-2744-3
Status: Peer Reviewed
Publication Status: Published
Publisher Statement: ** From PubMed via Jisc Publications Router. ** History: received 26-07-2017; accepted 12-11-2017.
Access rights to Published version: Open Access
RIOXX Funder/Project Grant:
Project/Grant IDRIOXX Funder NameFunder ID
Human Frontier Science program grant[MRC] Medical Research Councilhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000265
BRAIN grantH2020 European Research Councilhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100010663
UNSPECIFIED[MRC] Medical Research Councilhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000265
UNSPECIFIEDUniversity Of Oxfordhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000769

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