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Accuracy of the Whooley questions and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale in identifying depression and other mental disorders in early pregnancy
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Howard, Louise Michele, Ryan, Elizabeth G., Trevillion, Kylee, Anderson, Fraser, Bick, Debra, Bye, Amanda, Byford, Sarah, O'Connor, Sheila, Sands, Polly, Demilew, Jill, Milgrom, Jeannette and Pickles, Andrew (2018) Accuracy of the Whooley questions and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale in identifying depression and other mental disorders in early pregnancy. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 212 (1). pp. 50-56. doi:10.1192/bjp.2017.9
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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.2017.9
Abstract
Background:
There is limited evidence on the prevalence and identification of antenatal mental disorders.
Aims:
To investigate the prevalence of mental disorders in early pregnancy and the diagnostic accuracy of depression-screening (Whooley) questions compared with the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), against the Structured Clinical Interview DSM-IV-TR.
Method:
Cross-sectional survey of women responding to Whooley questions asked at their first antenatal appointment. Women responding positively and a random sample of women responding negatively were invited to participate.
Results:
Population prevalence was 27% (95% CI 22–32): 11% (95% CI 8–14) depression; 15% (95% CI 11–19) anxiety disorders; 2% (95% CI 1–4) obsessive–compulsive disorder; 0.8% (95% CI 0–1) post-traumatic stress disorder; 2% (95% CI 0.4–3) eating disorders; 0.3% (95% CI 0.1–1) bipolar disorder I, 0.3% (95% CI 0.1–1%) bipolar disorder II; 0.7% (95% CI 0–1) borderline personality disorder. For identification of depression, likelihood ratios were 8.2 (Whooley) and 9.8 (EPDS). Diagnostic accuracy was similar in identifying any disorder (likelihood ratios 5.8 and 6).
Conclusions:
Endorsement of Whooley questions in pregnancy indicates the need for a clinical assessment of diagnosis and could be implemented when maternity professionals have been appropriately trained on how to ask the questions sensitively, in settings where a clear referral and care pathway is available.
| Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||||||||||
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| Subjects: | R Medicine > RG Gynecology and obstetrics | ||||||||||||
| Divisions: | Faculty of Medicine > Warwick Medical School > Health Sciences Faculty of Medicine > Warwick Medical School |
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| Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Pregnant women -- Mental health, Mental illness in pregnancy, Depression, Mental -- Diagnosis, Maternal health services | ||||||||||||
| Journal or Publication Title: | The British Journal of Psychiatry | ||||||||||||
| Publisher: | Royal College of Psychiatrists | ||||||||||||
| ISSN: | 0007-1250 | ||||||||||||
| Official Date: | 4 January 2018 | ||||||||||||
| Dates: |
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| Volume: | 212 | ||||||||||||
| Number: | 1 | ||||||||||||
| Page Range: | pp. 50-56 | ||||||||||||
| DOI: | 10.1192/bjp.2017.9 | ||||||||||||
| Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||||||||||
| Publication Status: | Published | ||||||||||||
| Access rights to Published version: | Open Access | ||||||||||||
| RIOXX Funder/Project Grant: |
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