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Glucagon-like peptide analogues for type 2 diabetes mellitus : systematic review and meta-analysis
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Shyangdan, D. (Deepson), Royle, Pamela, Clar, C., Sharma, Pawana and Waugh, Norman (2010) Glucagon-like peptide analogues for type 2 diabetes mellitus : systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Endocrine Disorders, Vol.10 . p. 20. doi:10.1186/1472-6823-10-20 ISSN 1472-6823.
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WRAP_Waugh_1472-6823-10-20.pdf - Published Version Download (798Kb) | Preview |
Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1472-6823-10-20
Abstract
Background
Glucagon-like peptide (GLP-1) analogues are a new class of drugs used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. They are given by injection, and regulate glucose levels by stimulating glucose-dependent insulin secretion and biosynthesis, suppressing glucagon secretion, and delaying gastric emptying and promoting satiety. This systematic review aims to provide evidence on the clinical effectiveness of the GLP-1 agonists in patients not achieving satisfactory glycaemic control with one or more oral glucose lowering drugs.
Methods
MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library and Web of Science were searched to find the relevant papers. We identified 28 randomised controlled trials comparing GLP-1 analogues with placebo, other glucose-lowering agents, or another GLP-1 analogue, in patients with type 2 diabetes with inadequate control on a single oral agent, or on dual therapy. Primary outcomes included HbA1c, weight change and adverse events.
Results
Studies were mostly of short duration, usually 26 weeks. All GLP-1 agonists reduced HbA1c by about 1% compared to placebo. Exenatide twice daily and insulin gave similar reductions in HbA1c, but exenatide 2 mg once weekly and liraglutide 1.8 mg daily reduced it by 0.20% and 0.30% respectively more than glargine. Liraglutide 1.2 mg daily reduced HbA1c by 0.34% more than sitagliptin 100 mg daily. Exenatide and liraglutide gave similar improvements in HbA1c to sulphonylureas. Exenatide 2 mg weekly and liraglutide 1.8 mg daily reduced HbA1c by more than exenatide 10 μg twice daily and sitagliptin 100 mg daily. Exenatide 2 mg weekly reduced HbA1c by 0.3% more than pioglitazone 45 mg daily.
Exenatide and liraglutide resulted in greater weight loss (from 2.3 to 5.5 kg) than active comparators. This was not due simply to nausea. Hypoglycaemia was uncommon, except when combined with a sulphonylurea. The commonest adverse events with all GLP-1 agonists were initial nausea and vomiting. The GLP-1 agonists have some effect on beta-cell function, but this is not sustained after the drug is stopped.
Conclusions
GLP-1 agonists are effective in improving glycaemic control and promoting weight loss.
Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||
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Subjects: | R Medicine > RC Internal medicine | ||||
Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Medicine > Warwick Medical School > Health Sciences > Population, Evidence & Technologies (PET) > Warwick Evidence Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Medicine > Warwick Medical School > Health Sciences Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Medicine > Warwick Medical School |
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Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Non-insulin-dependent diabetes -- Treatment, Glucagon-like peptide 1 -- Effectiveness | ||||
Journal or Publication Title: | BMC Endocrine Disorders | ||||
Publisher: | BioMed Central Ltd. | ||||
ISSN: | 1472-6823 | ||||
Official Date: | December 2010 | ||||
Dates: |
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Volume: | Vol.10 | ||||
Page Range: | p. 20 | ||||
DOI: | 10.1186/1472-6823-10-20 | ||||
Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||
Publication Status: | Published | ||||
Access rights to Published version: | Open Access (Creative Commons) | ||||
Date of first compliant deposit: | 17 December 2015 | ||||
Date of first compliant Open Access: | 17 December 2015 |
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