2018

Hee, Siew Wan, Parsons, Nicholas R. and Stallard, Nigel (2018) Decision-theoretic designs for a series of trials with correlated treatment effects using the Sarmanov multivariate beta-binomial distribution. Biometrical Journal, 60 (2). pp. 232-245. doi:10.1002/bimj.201600202

Maredza, M., Petrou, Stavros, Dritsaki, M., Achten, Juul, Griffin, J., Lamb, S. E. (Sallie E.), Parsons, Nicholas R. and Costa, Matthew L. (2018) Cost-effectiveness of intramedullary nail fixation versus locking plate fixation in treatment of adult patients with extra-articular distal tibia fractures. The Bone & Joint Journal . (In Press)

Smith, N. A., Parsons, Nicholas R., Wright, D., Hutchinson, Charles E., Metcalfe, Andrew, Thompson, P., Costa, Matthew L. and Spalding, T. (2018) Infographic : meniscal transplantation is beneficial at one year. The Bone & Joint Journal, 100-B (1). pp. 64-65. doi:10.1302/0301-620X.100B1.BJJ-2017-1478

Parsons, Nicholas R., Griffin, Xavier L., Achten, Juul, Chesser, T. J., Lamb, S. E. (Sallie E.) and Costa, Matthew L. (2018) Modelling and estimation of health-related quality of life after hip fracture. Bone & Joint Research, 7 (1). pp. 1-5. doi:10.1302/2046-3758.71.BJR-2017-0199

Smith, N. A., Parsons, Nicholas R., Wright, D., Hutchinson, Charles E., Metcalfe, Andrew, Thompson, P., Costa, Matthew L. and Spalding, T. (2018) A pilot randomized trial of meniscal allograft transplantation versus personalized physiotherapy for patients with a symptomatic meniscal deficient knee compartment. The Bone & Joint Journal, 100-B (1). pp. 56-63. doi:10.1302/0301-620X.100B1.BJJ-2017-0918.R1

2017

Costa, Matthew L., Achten, Juul, Petrou, Stavros, Pallister, I., Lamb, S. E. and Parsons, Nicholas R. (2017) Effect of locking plate fixation versus intramedullary nail fixation for adult patients with a displaced fracture of the distal tibia : a randomised controlled trial (UK FixDT). JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association, 318 (18). pp. 1767-1776.

Griffin, Xavier L., Costa, Matthew L., Achten, Juul, Dritsaki, Melina, Baird, Janis and Parsons, Nicholas R. (2017) Trial of acute femoral fracture fixation (TrAFFix) : study protocol for a randomised controlled feasibility trial. Trials, 18 (1). 538. doi:10.1186/s13063-017-2265-0

Cooper, Jennifer Anne, Parsons, Nicholas R., Stinton, Chris, Mathews, Christopher, Smith, Steve, Halloran, Stephen P., Moss, Sue and Taylor-Phillips, Sian (2017) Risk-adjusted colorectal cancer screening using the FIT and routine screening data : development of a risk prediction model. British Journal of Cancer . doi:10.1038/bjc.2017.375

Patel, Abhilasha, Williams, Nigel, Parsons, Nicholas R., Ali, Omar, Peters, Francesca, Ranat, Reesha, Shah, Jasmine, Spector, Emma and Arasaradnam, Ramesh P. (2017) Risk factors for metachronous adenoma in the residual colon of patients undergoing curative surgery for colorectal cancer. International Journal of Colorectal Disease, 32 (11). pp. 1609-1616. doi:10.1007/s00384-017-2881-x

Achten, Juul, Parsons, Nicholas R., Kearney, Rebecca S., Dutton, S., Petrou, Stavros, Ollivere, B., Lamb, S. E. and Costa, Matthew L. (2017) Cast versus functional brace in the rehabilitation of patients treated non-operatively for a rupture of the Achilles tendon : protocol for UK Study of Tendo Achilles Rehabilitation (UK STAR). BMJ Open . doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019628 (In Press)

Parsons, Nicholas R., Perry, D. C. and Costa, Matthew L. (2017) All interventions differ, although some are more different than others. Bone & Joint Journal, 99-B (9). pp. 1123-1124. doi:10.1302/0301-620X.99B9.BJJ-2017-0403

Wall, Peter D. H., Sprowson, A. P., Parsons, Nicholas R., Parsons, H., Achten, Juul, Balasubramanian, S., Thompson, P. and Costa, Matthew L. (2017) A pragmatic randomised controlled trial comparing the efficacy of a femoral nerve block and periarticular infiltration for early pain relief following total knee arthroplasty. Bone & Joint Journal, 99-B (7). pp. 904-911. doi:10.1302/0301-620X.99B7.BJJ-2016-0767.R2

Wall, Peter D. H., Sprowson, Andrew P., Parsons, Nicholas R., Parsons, Helen, Achten, Juul, Balasubramanian, S., Thompson, P. and Costa, Matthew L. (2017) Pragmatic randomised controlled trial of periarticular infiltration versus femoral nerve blockade for early pain relief following total knee replacement surgery. Bone and Joint Journal, 99-B (7 ). pp. 904-911. doi:10.1302/0301-620X.99B7.BJJ-2016-0767.R2

Perry, D. C., Griffin, X. L., Dritsaki, M., Costa, Matthew L. and Parsons, Nicholas R. (2017) Becoming confident about confidence intervals. Bone & Joint Journal, 99-B (5). pp. 563-565. doi:10.1302/0301-620X.99B5.BJJ-2017-0075

Fernandez, M. A., Aquilina, A., Achten, J., Parsons, Nicholas R., Costa, Matthew L. and Griffin, X. L. (2017) The tip-apex distance in the X-Bolt dynamic plating system. Bone and Joint Research, 6 (4). pp. 204-207. doi:10.1302/2046-3758.64.BJR-2015-0016.R2

Costa, Matthew L., Griffin, X. L., Parsons, Nicholas R., Dritsaki, M. and Perry, D. C. (2017) Efficacy versus effectiveness in clinical trials. The Bone & Joint Journal, 99-B (4). pp. 419-420. doi:10.1302/0301-620X.99B4.BJJ-2016-1247

Parsons, Nicholas R. (2017) Repolr : an R package for fitting proportional-odds models to repeated ordinal scores. [Online]. (https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=repolr).

Plant, Caroline Elizabeth, Parsons, Nicholas R. and Costa, Matthew L. (2017) Do radiological and functional outcomes correlate for fractures of the distal radius? The Bone & Joint Journal, 99-B (3). pp. 376-382. doi:10.1302/0301-620X.99B3.35819

Kearney, Rebecca S., Parsons, Nicholas R., Mistry, Dipesh, Young, Jonathan, Brown, Jaclyn, O’Beirne-Elliman, Joanne and Costa, Matthew L. (2017) A protocol for a feasibility randomised controlled trial to assess the difference between functional bracing and plaster cast for the treatment of ankle fractures. Pilot and Feasibility Studies, 3 (1). 11. doi:10.1186/s40814-017-0125-z

2016

Kunz, Cornelia, Stallard, Nigel, Parsons, Nicholas R., Todd, Susan and Friede, Tim (2016) Blinded versus unblinded estimation of a correlation coefficient to inform interim design adaptations. Biometrical Journal . doi:10.1002/bimj.201500233 (In Press)

Griffin, Damian R., Dickenson, Edward, Wall, Peter D. H., Realpe, Alba, Adams, Ann, Parsons, Nicholas R., Hobson, Rachel, Achten, Juul, Costa, Matthew L., Foster, Nadine E., Hutchinson, Charles E., Petrou, Stavros and Donovan, J. L. (2016) The feasibility of conducting a randomised controlled trial comparing arthroscopic hip surgery to conservative care for patients with femoroacetabular impingement syndrome : the FASHIoN feasibility study. Journal of Hip Preservation Surgery, 3 (4). pp. 304-311. doi:10.1093/jhps/hnw026

Costa, Matthew L., Griffin, Xavier L., Achten, Juul, Metcalfe, David, Judge, Andrew, Pinedo-Villanueva, Rafael and Parsons, Nicholas R. (2016) World Hip Trauma Evaluation (WHiTE) : framework for embedded comprehensive cohort studies. BMJ Open, 6 (10). e011679. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2016-011679

Griffin, Damian R., Dickenson, Edward, Wall, Peter D. H., Donovan, J. L., Foster, N. E., Hutchinson, Charles E., Parsons, Nicholas R., Petrou, Stavros, Realpe, Alba, Achten, Juul, Achana, F., Adams, A. C., Costa, Matthew L., Griffin, James, Hobson, R. and Smith, J. (2016) Protocol for a multicentre, parallel-arm, 12-month, randomised, controlled trial of arthroscopic surgery versus conservative care for femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FASHIoN). BMJ Open, 6 (8). e012453. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2016-012453

Griffin, Damian R., Wall, Peter D. H., Realpe, Alba, Adams, Ann, Parsons, Nicholas R., Hobson, Rachel, Achten, Juul, Fry, Jeremy, Costa, Matthew L., Petrou, Stavros, Foster, Nadine E. and Donovan, Jenny (2016) UK FASHIoN : feasibility study of a randomised controlled trial of arthroscopic surgery for hip impingement compared with best conservative care. Health Technology Assessment, 20 (32). pp. 1-172. doi:10.3310/hta20320

2015

Wall, Peter D. H., Sprowson, Andrew P., Parsons, Nicholas R., Parsons, Helen, Achten, Juul, Balasubramanian, S. and Costa, Matthew L. (2015) Protocol for a single-centre randomised controlled trial of multimodal periarticular anaesthetic infiltration versus single-agent femoral nerve blockade as analgesia for total knee arthroplasty: Perioperative Analgesia for Knee Arthroplasty (PAKA). BMJ Open, 5 (12). e009898. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2015-009898

Barons, Martine J., Turner, Sally, Parsons, Nicholas R., Griffiths, Frances, Bethell, Hugh, Weich, Scott and Thorogood, Margaret (2015) Fitness predicts long-term survival after a cardiovascular event : a prospective cohort study. BMJ Open, 5 (10). pp. 1-10. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2015-007772

Dale, Jeremy, Potter, Rachel, Owen, Katherine, Parsons, Nicholas R., Realpe, Alba and Leach, Jonathan (2015) Retaining the general practitioner workforce in England : what matters to GPs? A cross-sectional study. BMC Family Practice, 16 (1). pp. 1-11. 140. doi:10.1186/s12875-015-0363-1

Stallard, Nigel, Kunz, Cornelia, Todd, Susan, Parsons, Nicholas R. and Friede, Tim (2015) Flexible selection of a single treatment incorporating short-term endpoint information in a phase II/III clinical trial. Statistics in Medicine, 34 (23). pp. 3104-3115. doi:10.1002/sim.6567

Achten, Juul, Parsons, Nicholas R., Bruce, J. (Julie), Petrou, Stavros, Tutton, Elizabeth, Willett, Keith, Lamb, S. E. (Sallie E.) and Costa, Matthew L. (2015) Protocol for a randomised controlled trial of standard wound management versus negative pressure wound therapy in the treatment of adult patients with an open fracture of the lower limb : UK wound management of open lower limb fractures (UK WOLFF). BMJ Open, 5 (9). pp. 1-10. e009087. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2015-009087

Achten, Juul, Parsons, Nicholas R., McGuinness, Katie R., Petrou, Stavros, Lamb, S. E. (Sallie E.) and Costa, Matthew L. (2015) UK Fixation of Distal Tibia Fractures (UK FixDT) : protocol for a randomised controlled trial of ‘locking’ plate fixation versus intramedullary nail fixation in the treatment of adult patients with a displaced fracture of the distal tibia. BMJ Open, 5 (9). e009162. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2015-009162

Barons, Martine J., Griffiths, Frances, Parsons, Nicholas R., Alba, Anca, Thorogood, Margaret, Medley, Graham and Lamb, S. E. (Sallie E.) (2015) Matching patients to an intervention for back pain : classifying patients using a latent class approach. Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice, Volume 20 (Number 4). pp. 544-550. doi:10.1111/jep.12115

Milton, Alyssa, Parsons, Nicholas R., Morant, Nicola, Gilbert, Eleanor, Johnson , Sonia, Fisher, Adrian, Singh, Swaran P., Cuncliffe, Di and Marwaha, Steven (2015) The clinical profile of employees with mental health problems working in social firms in the UK. Journal of Mental Health . doi:10.3109/09638237.2015.1057324 (In Press)

Barons, Martine J., Turner, Sally, Parsons, Nicholas R., Griffiths, Frances, Bethell, Hugh, Weich, Scott and Thorogood, Margaret (2015) Data for Fitness predicts long-term survival after a cardiovascular event : a prospective cohort study. [Dataset]

Smith, Nicholas A., Achten, Juul, Parsons, Nicholas R., Wright, D., Parkinson, B., Thompson, P., Hutchinson, Charles E., Spalding, Tim and Costa, Matthew L. (2015) Meniscal transplantation and its effect on osteoarthritis risk : an abridged protocol for the MeTEOR study : a comprehensive cohortstudy incorporating a pilot randomised controlled trial. Bone and joint research, 4 (6). pp. 93-98. doi:10.1302/2046-3758.46.2000318

Griffin, Damian R., Hobson, Rachel, Wall, Peter D. H., Realpe, Alba, Adams, Ann, Parsons, Nicholas R., Achten, Juul, Fry, J. R., Costa, Matthew L., Petrou, Stavros, Foster, Nadine E. and Donovan, Jenny (2015) UK FASHIoN : Feasibility study for a randomised controlled trial comparing hip arthroscopy with best conservative care for patients with femoroacetabular impingement. Health Technology Assessment . doi:10.1186/ISRCTN09754699 (In Press)

Kearney, Rebecca S., Parsons, Nicholas R., Metcalfe, David and Costa, Matthew L. (2015) Injection therapies for Achilles tendinopathy. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews . doi:10.1002/14651858.CD010960.pub2 (In Press)

Kearney, Rebecca S., Parsons, Nicholas R., Underwood, Martin and Costa, Matthew L. (2015) Achilles tendon rupture rehabilitation : a mixed methods investigation of current practice among orthopaedic surgeons in the United Kingdom. Bone and Joint Research, Volume 4 (Number 4). pp. 65-69. doi:10.1302/2046-3758.44.2000400

Kunz, Cornelia, Friede, Tim, Parsons, Nicholas R., Todd, Susan and Stallard, Nigel (2015) A comparison of methods for treatment selection in seamless phase II/III clinical trials incorporating information on short-term endpoints. Journal of Biopharmaceutical Statistics, 25 (1). pp. 170-189. doi:10.1080/10543406.2013.840646

Griffiths, Frances, Mason, Victoria, Boardman, Felicity K., Dennick, Kathryn J., Haywood, Kirstie L., Achten, Juul, Parsons, Nicholas R., Griffin, Xavier L. and Costa, Matthew L. (2015) Evaluating recovery following hip fracture : a qualitative interview study of what is important to patients. British Medical Journal, Volume 5 (Number 1). pp. 1-10. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2014-005406

2014

Wall, Peter D. H., Brown, Jamie S., Parsons, Nicholas R., Buchbinder, Rachelle, Costa, Matthew L. and Griffin, Damian R. (2014) Surgery for treating hip impingement (femoroacetabular impingement). Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 9 . CD010796. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD010796.pub2

Costa, Matthew L., Achten, Juul, Parsons, Nicholas R., Rangan, Amar, Griffin, Damian R., Tubeuf, Sandy and Lamb, S. E. (2014) Percutaneous fixation with Kirschner wires versus volar locking plate fixation in adults with dorsally displaced fracture of distal radius : randomised controlled trial. BMJ, Volume 349 . pp. 1-10. Article number g4807. doi:10.1136/bmj.g4807

Parsons, Helen, Bruce, J. (Julie), Achten, Juul, Costa, Matthew L. and Parsons, Nicholas R. (2014) Measurement properties of the Disability Rating Index in patients undergoing hip replacement. Rheumatology, Volume 54 (Number 1). pp. 64-71. doi:10.1093/rheumatology/keu293

Kunz, Cornelia, Friede, Tim, Parsons, Nicholas R., Todd, Susan and Stallard, Nigel (2014) Data-driven treatment selection for seamless phase II/III trials incorporating early-outcome data. Pharmaceutical Statistics, Volume 13 (Number 4). pp. 238-246. doi:10.1002/pst.1619

Sprowson, Andrew P., Jensen, Cyrus D., Parsons, Nicholas R., Partington, Paul, Emmerson, Kevin, Carluke, Ian, Asaad, Seif, Pratt, Roland, Muller, Scott and Reed, Mike R. (2014) The effect of triclosan coated sutures on rate of Surgical Site Infection after hip and knee replacement : a protocol for a double-blind randomised controlled trial. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, Volume 15 (Number 1). Article number 237. doi:10.1186/1471-2474-15-237

Metcalfe, David, Bouamra, O., Parsons, Nicholas R., Aletrari, Mina-Olga , Lecky, F. E. and Costa, Matthew L. (2014) Effect of regional trauma centralization on volume, injury severity and outcomes of injured patients admitted to trauma centres. British Journal of Surgery, Volume 101 (Number 8). pp. 959-964. doi:10.1002/bjs.9498

Griffin, Damian R., Parsons, Nicholas R., Shaw, J. Ewart H., Kulikov, Yuri, Hutchinson, Charles E., Thorogood, Margaret and Lamb, S. E. (Sallie E.) (2014) Operative versus non-operative treatment for closed, displaced, intra-articular fractures of the calcaneus : randomised controlled trial. BMJ, Volume 349 . Article number g4483. doi:10.1136/bmj.g4483

Griffin, Xavier L., Parsons, Nicholas R., Achten, Juul and Costa, Matthew L. (2014) The Targon Femoral Neck hip screw versus cannulated screws for internal fixation of intracapsular fractures of the hip : a randomised controlled trial. The Bone & Joint Journal, Volume 96-B (Number 5). pp. 652-657. doi:10.1302/0301-620X.96B5.33391

Parsons, Nicholas R., Griffin, Xavier L., Achten, Juul and Costa, Matthew L. (2014) Outcome assessment after hip fracture : is EQ-5D the answer? Bone and Joint Research, Volume 3 (Number 3). pp. 69-75. doi:10.1302/2046-3758.33.2000250

Stallard, Nigel, Hamborg, Thomas, Parsons, Nicholas R. and Friede, Tim (2014) Adaptive designs for confirmatory clinical trials with subgroup selection. Journal of Biopharmaceutical Statistics, Volume 24 (Number 1). pp. 168-187. doi:10.1080/10543406.2013.857238

2013

Wall, P. D., Brown, J. S., Freshney, S., Parsons, Nicholas R. and Griffin, Damian R. (2013) Hip shape and long-term hip function : a study of patients with in-situ fixation for slipped capital femoral epiphysis. Hip international : the journal of clinical and experimental research on hip pathology and therapy, 23 (6). pp. 560-564. doi:10.5301/hipint.5000075

Griffin, Xavier L., Parsons, Nicholas R., Carey-Smith, Richard , Stengel, Katharina F. and Costa, Matthew L. (2013) Intention-to-treat analyses for interventional studies. The Bone & Joint Journal, 95 B (11). pp. 1443-1444. doi:10.1302/0301-620X.95B11.32419

Kearney, Rebecca S., Parsons, Nicholas R. and Costa, Matthew L. (2013) Achilles tendinopathy management : a pilot randomised controlled trial comparing platelet rich plasma injection to an eccentric loading programme. Bone & Joint Research, 2 (10). pp. 227-232. doi:10.1302/2046-3758.210.2000200

Griffin, Xavier L., McArthur, John R., Achten, Juul, Parsons, Nicholas R. and Costa, Matthew L. (2013) The Warwick hip trauma evaluation two – an abridged protocol for the WHiTE two study : an embedded randomised trial comparing the dual mobility with polyethylene cups in hip arthroplasty for fracture. Bone and Joint Research, 2 (10). pp. 210-213.

Marwaha, Steven, Parsons, Nicholas R. and Broome, Matthew R. (2013) Mood instability, mental illness and suicidal ideas : results from a household survey. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, Volume 48 (Number 9). pp. 1431-1437. doi:10.1007/s00127-013-0653-7

Perry, D. C. , Parsons, Nicholas R. and Costa, Matthew L. (2013) Surgeon level data : understanding the plot. The Bone & Joint Journal, 95-B (9). pp. 1156-1157. doi:10.1302/0301-620X.95B9

Amarasekera, Hiran W., Campbell, P. C., Parsons, Nicholas R., Achten, Juul, Masters, James P. M., Griffin, Damian R. and Costa, Matthew L. (2013) The effect of surgical approach on the histology of the femoral head following resurfacing of the hip : analysis of retrieval specimens. Bone and Joint Research, Volume 2 (Number 9). pp. 200-205. doi:10.1302/2046-3758.29.2000179

Hunter, Paul J., Calvo-Bado, Leo A., Parsons, Nicholas R., Pettitt, Tim R., Petch, Geoff M., Shaw, Eve, Morgan, J. Alun W. and Whipps, John M. (2013) Variation in microbial communities colonizing horticultural slow sand filter beds : implications for filter function. Irrigation Science, Volume 31 (Number 4). pp. 631-642. doi:10.1007/s00271-012-0339-z

Griffin, Xavier L., Achten, Juul, Parsons, Nicholas R. and Costa, Matthew L. (2013) Platelet-rich therapy in the treatment of patients with hip fractures: a single centre, parallel group, participant-blinded, randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open, Volume 3 (Number 6). Article number e002583. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2013-002583

Griffin, Xavier L., Parsons, Nicholas R., Zbaeda, M. M. and McArthur, John R. (2013) Interventions for treating fractures of the distal femur in adults. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (6). pp. 1-52. CD010606/epdf. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD010606

Gosling, Paul, Parsons, Nicholas R. and Bending, G. D. (2013) What are the primary factors controlling the light fraction and particulate soil organic matter content of agricultural soils? Biology and Fertility of Soils, Volume 49 (Number 8). pp. 1001-1014. doi:10.1007/s00374-013-0791-9

Kulikov, Yuri, Parsons, Nicholas R. and Griffin, Damian R. (2013) Best clinical care versus the common good of research : a solution for challenging surgical trials. The Lancet, Volume 381 . S60. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(13)60500-0

Feng, Qing Yi, Griffiths, Frances, Parsons, Nicholas R. and Gunn, Jane, Prof. (2013) An exploratory statistical approach to depression pattern identification. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Volume 392 (Number 4). pp. 889-901. doi:10.1016/j.physa.2012.10.025

Costa, Matthew L., Stengel, G., Griffin, Xavier L., Smith, R. Carey and Parsons, Nicholas R. (2013) Research methods and the bone & joint journal. The Bone & Joint Journal, 95 B (1, 2, 3). doi:10.1302/0301-620X.95B1.31286

Friede, Tim, Parsons, Nicholas R. and Stallard, Nigel (2013) Correction : A conditional error function approach for subgroup selection in adaptive clinical trials. Statistics in Medicine, Volume 32 (Number 14). pp. 2513-2514. doi:10.1002/sim.5759

Parsons, Nicholas R. (2013) Proportional-odds models for repeated composite and long ordinal outcome scales. Statistics in Medicine, Volume 32 (Number 18). pp. 3181-3191. doi:10.1002/sim.5756

Gilbert, E., Marwaha, Steven, Milton, Alyssa, Johnson, Sonia, Morant, Nicola, Parsons, Nicholas R., Fisher, A., Singh, Swaran P. and Cunliffe, Di (2013) Social firms as a means of vocational recovery for people with mental illness : a UK survey. BMC Health Services Research, Volume 13 (Number 1). Article number 270. doi:10.1186/1472-6963-13-270

Sprowson, Andrew P., Jensen, Cyrus D., Gupta, Sanjay (Researcher in medicine), Parsons, Nicholas R., Murty, Aradhyula N., Jones, Simon M. G., Inman, Dominic and Reed, Mike R. (2013) The effect of high dose antibiotic impregnated cement on rate of surgical site infection after hip hemiarthroplasty for fractured neck of femur : a protocol for a double-blind quasi randomised controlled trial. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, Volume 14 (Number 1). Article number 356. doi:10.1186/1471-2474-14-356

2012

Edlin, Richard P., Tubeuf, Sandy, Achten, Juul, Parsons, Nicholas R. and Costa, Matthew L. (2012) Cost-effectiveness of total hip arthroplasty versus resurfacing arthroplasty : economic evaluation alongside a clinical trial. BMJ Open, Volume 2 (Number 5). Article:e001162. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2012-001162

Marwaha, Steven, Parsons, Nicholas R., Flanagan, Sarah and Broome, Matthew R. (2012) The prevalence and clinical associations of mood instability in adults living in England : results from the Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey 2007. Psychiatry research, 205 (3). pp. 262-268. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2012.09.036

Dutton, T., de Souza, R. M., Parsons, Nicholas R. and Costa, Matthew L. (2012) The timing of tourniquet release and 'retransfusion' drains in total knee arthroplasty : a stratified randomised pilot investigation. The Knee, Volume 19 (Number 3). doi:10.1016/j.knee.2011.02.013

Amarasekera, Hiran W., Roberts, P., Costa, Matthew L., Parsons, Nicholas R., Achten, Juul, Griffin, Damian R. and Williams, N. R. (2012) Scintigraphic assessment of bone status at one year following hip resurfacing : comparison of two surgical approaches using SPECT-CT scan. Bone & Joint Research, 1 (5). pp. 86-92. doi:10.1302/2046-3758.15.2000046

Costa, Matthew L., Achten, Juul, Parsons, Nicholas R., Edlin, R. P., Foguet, P., Prakash, U. and Griffin, Damian R. (2012) Total hip arthroplasty versus resurfacing arthroplasty in the treatment of patients with arthritis of the hip joint : single centre, parallel group, assessor blinded, randomised controlled trial. BMJ, Vol.344 (No.1). e2147-e2147. doi:10.1136/bmj.e2147

Parsons, Nicholas R., Friede, Tim, Todd, S., Marquez, Elsa Valdes, Chataway, J., Nicholas, Richard and Stallard, Nigel (2012) An R package for implementing simulations for seamless phase II/III clinical trials using early outcomes for treatment selection. Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Vol.56 (No.5). pp. 1150-1160. doi:10.1016/j.csda.2010.10.027

Mauffrey, C., McGuinness, K., Parsons, Nicholas R., Achten, Juul and Costa, Matthew L. (2012) A randomised pilot trial of "locking plate" fixation versus intramedullary nailing for extra-articular fractures of the distal tibia. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery - British Volume, Volume 94-B (Number 5). pp. 704-708. doi:10.1302/0301-620X.94B5.28498

Kordas, Geza, Baxter, Jonathan A., Parsons, Nicholas R., Costa, Matthew L. and Krikler, Stephen J. (2012) Minimum 5-year follow-up after cormet hip resurfacing : a single surgeon series of 234 hips. Hip international : the journal of clinical and experimental research on hip pathology and therapy, 22 (2). pp. 189-194. doi:10.5301/HIP.2012.9209

Kearney, Rebecca S., Achten, Juul, Lamb, S. E. (Sallie E.), Parsons, Nicholas R. and Costa, Matthew L. (2012) The Achilles tendon total rupture score : a study of responsiveness, internal consistency and convergent validity on patients with acute Achilles tendon ruptures. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, Vol.10 (No.1). p. 24. doi:10.1186/1477-7525-10-24

Costa, Matthew L., Achten, Juul, Parsons, Nicholas R., Edlin, Richard P., Foguet, P., Prakash, Udai and Griffin, Damian R. (2012) Authors' reply to Oussedik and colleagues. BMJ, Volume 344 . e3672. doi:10.1136/bmj.e3672

Griffin, Xavier L., Wallace, David, Parsons, Nicholas R. and Costa, Matthew L. (2012) Platelet rich therapies for long bone healing in adults. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (7). CD009496. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD009496

Griffin, Xavier L., Smith, Nick, Parsons, Nicholas R. and Costa, Matthew L. (2012) Ultrasound and shockwave therapy for acute fractures in adults. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (2). CD008579. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD008579.pub2

Bateman, James, Allen, Maggie E., Kidd, Jane M., Parsons, Nicholas R. and Davies, D. A. (David A.) (2012) Virtual patients design and its effect on clinical reasoning and student experience : a protocol for a randomised factorial multi-centre study. BMC Medical Education, Vol.12 (No.1). p. 62. doi:10.1186/1472-6920-12-62

Griffin, Xavier L., Achten, Juul, Parsons, Nicholas R., Boardman, Felicity K., Griffiths, Frances and Costa, Matthew L. (2012) The Warwick Hip Trauma Evaluation – an abridged protocol for the WHiTE Study : a multiple embedded randomised controlled trial cohort study. Bone & Joint Research, Volume 1 (Number 11). pp. 310-314. doi:10.1302/2046-3758.111.2000127

Friede, Tim, Parsons, Nicholas R. and Stallard, Nigel (2012) A conditional error function approach for subgroup selection in adaptive clinical trials. Statistics in Medicine, Vol.31 (No.30). pp. 4309-4320. doi:10.1002/sim.5541

(2012) The development and validation of a self-administered quality-ofl life outcome measure for young, active patients with symptomatic hip disease : the International Hip Outcome Tool (iHOT-33). Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery, Vol.28 (No.5). 595-610.e1. doi:10.1016/j.arthro.2012.03.013

Parsons, Nicholas R., Price, Charlotte L., Hiskens, Richard, Achten, Juul and Costa, Matthew L. (2012) An evaluation of the quality of statistical design and analysis of published medical research : results from a systematic survey of general orthopaedic journals. BMC Medical Research Methodology, Vol.12 (No.1). Article no. 60. doi:10.1186/1471-2288-12-60

Griffin, Damian R., Parsons, Nicholas R., Mohtadi, Nicholas G. H. and Safran, Marc R. (2012) A short version of the International Hip Outcome Tool (iHOT-12) for use in routine clinical practice. Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery, Vol.28 (No.5). pp. 611-618. doi:10.1016/j.arthro.2012.02.027

2011

Parsons, Nicholas R., Friede, Tim, Todd, Susan and Stallard, Nigel (2011) Software tools for implementing simulation studies in adaptive seamless designs : introducing R package ASD. Trials, Vol.12 (Suppl.1). A8. doi:10.1186/1745-6215-12-S1-A8

Parsons, Nicholas R., Kulikov, Yuri, Girling, Alan J. and Griffin, Damian R. (2011) A statistical framework for quantifying clinical equipoise for individual cases during randomized controlled surgical trials. Trials, Vol.12 (No.1). p. 258. doi:10.1186/1745-6215-12-258

Kearney, Rebecca S., Lamb, S. E. (Sallie E.), Achten, Juul, Parsons, Nicholas R. and Costa, Matthew L. (2011) In-shoe plantar pressures within ankle-foot orthoses : implications for the management of achilles tendon ruptures. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, Vol.39 (No.12). pp. 2679-2685. doi:10.1177/0363546511420809

Odumenya, M. (Michelle), McGuinness, Katie, Achten, Juul, Parsons, Nicholas R., Spalding, Tim and Costa, Matthew L. (2011) The Warwick patellofemoral arthroplasty trial : a randomised clinical trial of total knee arthroplasty versus patellofemoral arthroplasty in patients with severe arthritis of the patellofemoral joint. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, Vol.12 (No.1). p. 265. doi:10.1186/1471-2474-12-265

Costa, Matthew L., Griffin, Xavier L., Pendleton, N., Pearson, Mike, FRCP and Parsons, Nicholas R. (2011) Does cementing the femoral component increase the risk of peri-operative mortality for patients having replacement surgery for a fracture of the neck of femur? : data from the National Hip Fracture Database. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery - British Volume, Vol.93-B (No.10). pp. 1405-1410. doi:10.1302/0301-620X.93B10.26690

Parsons, Nicholas R., Odumenya, M. (Michelle), Edwards, Antoinette, Lecky, Fiona and Pattison, Giles (2011) Modelling the effects of the weather on admissions to UK trauma units : a cross-sectional study. Emergency Medicine Journal, Vol.28 (No.10). pp. 851-855. doi:10.1136/emj.2010.091058

Costa, Matthew L., Achten, Juul, Parsons, Nicholas R., Rangan, Amar, Edlin, Richard P., Brown, Jaclyn and Lamb, S. E. (Sallie E.) (2011) UK DRAFFT : a randomised controlled trial of percutaneous fixation with kirschner wires versus volar locking-plate fixation in the treatment of adult patients with a dorsally displaced fracture of the distal radius. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, Vol.12 (No.1). p. 201. doi:10.1186/1471-2474-12-201

McArthur, John R., Costa, Matthew L., Griffin, Damian R., Krikler, Steven J., Parsons, Nicholas R. and Foguet, Pedro R. (2011) Groin pain following hip resurfacing: a case-control study. Hip International, Vol.21 (No.5). pp. 602-609. doi:10.5301/HIP.2011.8688

Parsons, Nicholas R., Hiskens, Richard, Price, Charlotte L., Achten, Juul and Costa, Matthew L. (2011) A systematic survey of the quality of research reporting in general orthopaedic journals. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery - British Volume, Vol.93-B (No.9). pp. 1154-1159. doi:10.1302/0301-620X.93B9.27193

Friede, Tim, Parsons, Nicholas R., Stallard, Nigel, Todd, S. (Susan), Valdes Marquez, E., Chataway, Jeremy and Nicholas, R. (Richard) (2011) Designing a seamless phase II/III clinical trial using early outcomes for treatment selection : an application in multiple sclerosis. Statistics in Medicine, Vol.30 (No.13). pp. 1528-1540. doi:10.1002/sim.4202

Kearney, Rebecca S., Achten, Juul, Parsons, Nicholas R. and Costa, Matthew L. (2011) The comprehensive cohort model in a pilot trial in orthopaedic trauma. BMC Medical Research Methodology, Vol.11 (No.39). doi:10.1186/1471-2288-11-39

Amarasekera, Hiran W., Costa, Matthew L., Parsons, Nicholas R., Achten, Juul, Griffin, Damian R., Manktelow, Sophie and Williams, Nigel R. (2011) SPECT/CT bone imaging after hip resurfacing arthroplasty. Nuclear Medicine Communications, Volume 32 (Number 4). pp. 289-297. doi:10.1097/MNM.0b013e328342fe80

Chataway, J., Nicholas, R., Todd, S., Miller, D. H., Parsons, Nicholas R., Valdes-Marquez, E., Stallard, Nigel and Friede, Tim (2011) A novel adaptive design strategy increases the efficiency of clinical trials in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis Journal, Vol.17 (No.1). pp. 81-88. doi:10.1177/1352458510382129

Griffin, Xavier L., Costa, Matthew L., Parsons, Nicholas R. and Smith, Nick (2011) Electromagnetic field stimulation for treating delayed union or non-union of long bone fractures in adults (Review). Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (No.4). Article CD008471. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD008471.pub2

Deans, Victoria M., Ho, Ki Wai K., Prakash, Udai, Parsons, Nicholas R., Griffin, Damian R. and Foguet, Pedro (2011) Femoral neck narrowing following hip resurfacing using posterior and Ganz approaches at two years. Hip International, Vol.21 (No.5). pp. 596-601. doi:10.5301/HIP.2011.8642

2010

deSouza, R. M., Parsons, Nicholas R., Oni, T., Dalton, P., Costa, Matthew L. and Krikler, S. (2010) Metal ion levels following resurfacing arthroplasty of the hip : Serial results over a ten-year period. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery - British Volume, Vol.92-B (No.12). pp. 1642-1647. doi:10.1302/0301-620X.92B12.24654

Friede, Tim, Nicholas, Richard, Stallard, Nigel, Todd, Susan, Parsons, Nicholas R., Valdes-Marquez, Elsa and Chataway, J. (2010) Refinement of the clinical scenario evaluation framework for assessment of competing development strategies with an application to multiple sclerosis. Drug Information Journal, Vol.44 (No.6). pp. 713-718. doi:10.1177/009286151004400607

Ho, Kevin K. W., Beazley, James, Parsons, Nicholas R., Costa, Matthew L. and Foguet, P. (2010) Narrowing of the femoral neck after resurfacing arthroplasty of the hip : a comparison of cemented and uncemented femoral components. Hip international : the journal of clinical and experimental research on hip pathology and therapy, Vol.20 (No.4). pp. 542-546.

Parsons, Nicholas R., De Souza, Ruth-Mary, Oni, T., Achten, Juul, Krikler, Stephen J. and Costa, Matthew L. (2010) A comparison of Harris and Oxford hip scores for assessing outcome after resurfacing arthroplasty of the hip : can the patient tell us everything we need to know. Hip international : the journal of clinical and experimental research on hip pathology and therapy, Vol.20 (No.4). pp. 453-459.

Griffin, Xavier L., Parsons, Nicholas R., Achten, Juul and Costa, Matthew L. (2010) Warwick hip trauma study : a randomised clinical trial comparing interventions to improve outcomes in internally fixed intracapsular fractures of the proximal femur : protocol for The WHiT Study. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, Vol.11 . Article 184. doi:10.1186/1471-2474-11-184

Griffin, Xavier L., Smith, Nick, Parsons, Nicholas R. and Costa, Matthew L. (2010) Ultrasound and shockwave therapy for acute fractures in adults (protocol). Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (No.2). CD008579. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD008579

Achten, Juul, Parsons, Nicholas R., Edlin, Richard P., Griffin, Damian R. and Costa, Matthew L. (2010) A randomised controlled trial of total hip arthroplasty versus resurfacing arthroplasty in the treatment of young patients with arthritis of the hip joint. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, Vol.11 (Article no.8). doi:10.1186/1471-2474-11-8

Karthikeyan, Shanmugam, Kwong, H. T., Upadhyay, P. K., Parsons, Nicholas R., Drew, S. J. and Griffin, Damian R. (2010) A double-blind randomised controlled study comparing subacromial injection of tenoxicam or methylprednisolone in patients with subacromial impingement. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery - British Volume, Vol.92-B (No.1). pp. 77-82. doi:10.1302/0301-620X.92B1.22137

Odumenya, M. (Michelle), Costa, Matthew L., Parsons, Nicholas R., Achten, Juul, Dhillon, M. and Krikler, S. J. (2010) The Avon patellofemoral joint replacement : five year results from an independent centre. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery - British Volume, Vol.92-B (No.1). pp. 56-60. doi:10.1302/0301-620X.92B1.23135

2009

Kilkenny, Carol, Parsons, Nicholas R., Kadyszewski, Ed, Festing, Michael F. W., Cuthill, Innes C., Fry, Derek, Hutton, Jane and Altman, Douglas G. (2009) Survey of the quality of experimental design, statistical analysis and reporting of research using animals. PL o S One, Vol.4 (No.11). Article no. e7824. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0007824

Chataway, J., Nicholas, R., Stallard, Nigel, Todd, S., Parsons, Nicholas R., Valdes-Marquez, E. and Friede, Tim (2009) Developing a new trial design in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis: a seamless adaptive approach. In: ABN Joint Annual Meeting with the Spanish Society of Neurology, Liverpool, England, June 22-26, 2009. Published in: Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery and Psychiatry , Vol.80 (No.11). Article no. e3, p. 10. ISSN 0022-3050. doi:10.1136/jnnp.2009.191775

Moore, Vicky C., Parsons, Nicholas R., Jaakkola, Maritta S., Burge, Cedd B.S.G., Pantin, Charles F., Robertson, Alastair S. and Burge, P. Sherwood (2009) Serial lung function variability using four portable logging meters. Journal of Asthma, Vol.46 (No.9). pp. 961-966. doi:10.3109/02770900903229677

Chataway, J., Nicholas, R., Todd, S., Stallard, Nigel, Valdes-Marquez, E., Parsons, Nicholas R. and Friede, Tim (2009) Adaptive seamless trial designs in neurology: a case study in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. In: 19th World Congress of Neurology, Bangkok, Thailand, October 24-30, 2009. Published in: Journal of the Neurological Sciences, Vol.285 (Suppl. 1). S113-S114. ISSN 0022-510X. doi:10.1016/S0022-510X(09)70456-3

Chataway, J., Nicholas, R., Todd, S., Stallard, Nigel, Valdes-Marquez, E., Parsons, Nicholas R. and Friede, Tim (2009) FP36-WE-01 Adaptive seamless trial designs in neurology : a case study in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. Journal of the Neurological Sciences, Vol.285 (Supp.1). S113-S114. doi:10.1016/S0022-510X(09)70456-3

Parsons, Nicholas R., Edmondson, R. N. and Song, Yu (2009) Image analysis and statistical modelling for measurement and quality assessment of ornamental horticulture crops in glasshouses. Biosystems Engineering, Vol.10 (No.2). pp. 161-168. doi:10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2009.06.015

Killampalli, Vijay V., Hayes, Andrew, Parsons, Nicholas R., Costa, Matthew L. and Prakash, Udai (2009) Hip resurfacing using the Trochanteric Flip Osteotomy. Hip International, Vol.19 (No.2). pp. 131-135.

Arya, Roopen, Paneesha, Shankaranarayana, McManus, Aidan, Parsons, Nicholas R., Scriven, Nicholas, Farren, Timothy, Nokes, Tim, Smith, H. (Harry), O'Shaughnessy, Denise and Rose, Peter (2009) More on thromboprophylaxis : quantifying risk for venous thromboembolism. Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Vol.101 (No.4). pp. 791-794. doi:10.1160/TH08-10-0712

Parsons, Nicholas R., Costa, Matthew L., Achten, Juul and Stallard, Nigel (2009) Repeated measures proportional odds logistic regression analysis of ordinal score data in the statistical software package R. Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Vol.53 (No.3). pp. 632-641. doi:10.1016/j.csda.2008.08.004

Friede, Tim, Parsons, Nicholas R., Stallard, Nigel, Todd, S., Valdes Marquez, E., Chataway, J. and Nicholas, R. (2009) Adaptive clinical trial design for treatment selection and evaluation in multiple sclerosis (MS-Adaptive). UNSPECIFIED..

Nicholas, R. (Richard), Chataway, Jeremy, Todd, S. C. (Susan C.), Stallard, Nigel, Valdés-Márquez, Elsa, Parsons, Nicholas R. and Friede, Tim (2009) Adaptive clinical trials incorporating treatment selection and evaluation: methodology and application in progressive multiple sclerosis. In: 25th Congress of the European Committee for Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis, Düsseldorf, Germany, 9-12th September 2009

Chataway, J., Nicholas, R., Todd, S., Stallard, Nigel, Valdes-Marquez, E., Parsons, Nicholas R. and Friede, Tim (2009) Adaptive seamless trial designs in neurology : a case study in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis [Abstract]. Journal of the Neurological Sciences, Vol.285 (Suppl.1). S113-S114. doi:10.1016/S0022-510X(09)70456-3

Fuller, D., Parsons, Nicholas R. and Pratt, T. (2009) Alstroemeria : towards understanding and optimising productivity, quality and scheduling of Alstroemeria under UK commercial production conditions through monitoring and analysing data from grower holdings. UNSPECIFIED..

Parsons, Nicholas R., Gilmour, S. G. and Edmondson, R. N. (2009) Analysis of robust design experiments with time-dependent ordinal response characteristics : a quality improvement study from the horticulture industry. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol.36 (No.9). pp. 1037-1054. doi:10.1080/02664760802566796

2008

Parsons, Nicholas R., Smith, J. Q., Thönnes, Elke, Wang, Li and Wilson, Roland (2008) Rotationally invariant statistics for examining the evidence from the pores in fingerprints. Law, Probability and Risk, Vol.7 (No.1). pp. 1-14. doi:10.1093/lpr/mgm018

2007

Arya, Roopen, Paneesha, Shankaranarayana, McManus, Aidan, Parsons, Nicholas R., Scriven, Nicholas, Farren, Tim, Nokes, Tim, O'Shaughnessy, Denise and Rose, Peter (2007) Derivation and validation of a prediction tool for venous thromboembolism : a VERITY registry study. In: 49th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Hematology, Atlanta, USA, 08-11 Dec 2007. Published in: Blood, Vol.110 (No.11 Part 1). 214A-214A. ISSN 0006-4971.

Paneesha, S., Zhang, Wenjuan, Parsons, Nicholas R., Kesteven, P., Marr, H., Borg, A. and Rose, P. (2007) Which patients with venous thrombosis do not require screening for malignancy? A predictive model to identify patients with VTE at minimal risk of malignancy. In: 47th Annual Scientific Meeting of the British Society for Haematology, Bournemouth, England, April 30-May 02, 2007. Published in: British Journal of Haematology, Vol.137 (Supplement 1). p. 54. ISSN 0007-1048. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2141.2007.06557.x

Paneesha, S., Zhang, W., Parsons, Nicholas R., Kesteven, P., Marr, H., Borg, A. and Rose, P. (2007) Do all patients with venous thrombosis require screening for malignancy? A predictive model to identify patients with VTE at minimal risk of malignancy. In: 4th International Conference on Thrombosis and Hemostasis Issues in Cancer, Bergamo, Italy, 26-28 Oct 2007. Published in: Thrombosis Research, Volume 120 (Supplement 2). S159-S159. ISSN 0049-3848.

Song, Yu, Wilson, Roland, Edmondson, Rodney and Parsons, Nicholas R. (2007) Surface modelling of plants from stereo images. In: 6th International Conference on 3-D Digital Imaging and Modeling, Montreal, Canada, 21-23 Jul 2007. Published in: 3DIM 2007: Sixth International Conference on 3-D Digital Imaging and Modeling, Proceedings pp. 312-319. ISBN 9780769529394. doi:10.1109/3DIM.2007.55

2006

Paneesha, Shankaranarayana, Zhang, W., Parsons, Nicholas R., French, K., Cheyne, E., Bacchu, S., Borg, Anton and Rose, P. (2006) A predictive model to identify patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE) at minimal risk of malignancy. In: 48th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Hematology, Orlando, FL, DEC 09-12, 2006. Published in: BLOOD, 108 (11 Part 1). 433A-433A. ISSN 0006-4971.

Hunter, Paul J., Petch, Geoff M., Calvo-Bado, Leo A., Pettitt, Tim R., Parsons, Nicholas R., Morgan, J. Alun W. and Whipps, John M. (2006) Differences in microbial activity and microbial populations of peat associated with suppression of damping-off disease caused by Pythium sylvaticum. APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY, 72 (10). pp. 6452-6460. doi:10.1128/AEM.00313-06

Calvo-Bado, Leo A., Petch, G., Parsons, Nicholas R., Morgan, J. A. W., Pettitt, T. R. and Whipps, J. M. (2006) Microbial community responses associated with the development of oomycete plant pathogens on tomato roots in soilless growing systems. Journal of Applied Microbiology, Vol.100 (No.6). pp. 1194-1207. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2672.2006.02883.x

Parsons, Nicholas R., Edmondson, R. N. and Gilmour, S. G. (2006) A generalized estimating equation method for fitting autocorrelated ordinal score data with an application in horticultural research. JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL STATISTICAL SOCIETY SERIES C-APPLIED STATISTICS, 55 (Part 4). pp. 507-524. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9876.2006.00550.x

1993

Parsons, Nicholas R., Ashton, Peter R., Constantinidou, Chrystala, Cole, Jeffrey A. and Smith, Harry (1993) Identification by mass spectrometry of CMP-NANA in diffusible material released from high Mr blood cell fractions that confers serum resistance on gonococci. Microbial Pathogenesis, Volume 14 (Number 4). pp. 329-335. doi:10.1006/mpat.1993.1032