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Epidemiology of prediabetes and diabetes in Namibia, Africa : a multilevel analysis
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Adekanmbi, Victor, Uthman, Olalekan A., Erqou, Sebhat, Echouffo-Tcheugui, Justin B., Harhay, Meera N. and Harhay, Michael O. (2019) Epidemiology of prediabetes and diabetes in Namibia, Africa : a multilevel analysis. Journal of Diabetes, 11 (2). pp. 161-172. doi:10.1111/1753-0407.12829 ISSN 1753-0393.
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Official URL: https://doi.org/10.1111/1753-0407.12829
Abstract
Background
Diabetes is a leading cause of progressive morbidity and early mortality worldwide. Little is known on the burden of diabetes and pre‐diabetes in Namibia, a Sub‐Saharan African (SSA) country that is undergoing a demographic transition.
Methods
We estimated the prevalence and correlates of diabetes (defined as fasting [capillary] blood glucose [FBG] >126 mg/dL) and prediabetes (defined by World Health Organization [WHO] and American Diabetes Association [ADA] criteria [FBG 110‐125 mg/dL and 100‐125 mg/dL, respectively]) in a random sample of 3278 participants aged 35‐64 from the 2013 Namibia Demographic and Health Survey.
Results
The prevalence of diabetes was 5.1% (95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 4.2‐6.2), with no evidence of gender differences (p=0.45). The prevalence of prediabetes was 6.8% (5.8‐8.0) and 20.1% (18.4‐21.9) using WHO and ADA criteria, respectively. Male sex, older age, higher body mass index (BMI) and occupation independently increased the odds of diabetes in Namibia, while higher BMI was associated with the higher odds of prediabetes and residing in household categorized as middle wealth index were associated with lower odds of prediabetes (Adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.71; 95% Credible Interval [CrI] = 0.46‐0.99). There was significant clustering of prediabetes and diabetes at the community‐level.
Conclusions
One in five adult Namibians has prediabetes by ADA criteria. Resources should be invested at the community level to promote efforts to prevent progression of this disease and its complications.
| Item Type: | Journal Article | |||||||||
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| Subjects: | R Medicine > RC Internal medicine | |||||||||
| Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Medicine > Warwick Medical School | |||||||||
| Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Diabetes -- Epidemiology, Diabetes -- Prevention, Diabetes -- Namibia, Social status -- Health aspects | |||||||||
| Journal or Publication Title: | Journal of Diabetes | |||||||||
| Publisher: | Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, Inc. | |||||||||
| ISSN: | 1753-0393 | |||||||||
| Official Date: | February 2019 | |||||||||
| Dates: |
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| Volume: | 11 | |||||||||
| Number: | 2 | |||||||||
| Page Range: | pp. 161-172 | |||||||||
| DOI: | 10.1111/1753-0407.12829 | |||||||||
| Status: | Peer Reviewed | |||||||||
| Publication Status: | Published | |||||||||
| Access rights to Published version: | Restricted or Subscription Access | |||||||||
| Date of first compliant deposit: | 7 August 2018 | |||||||||
| Date of first compliant Open Access: | 29 July 2019 | |||||||||
| RIOXX Funder/Project Grant: |
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