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Boron doped diamond as a low biofouling material in aquatic environments : assessment of pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm formation
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Simcox, Lee J., Pereira, Rui P. A., Wellington, E. M. H. and Macpherson, Julie V. (2019) Boron doped diamond as a low biofouling material in aquatic environments : assessment of pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm formation. ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces, 11 . 28. doi:10.1021/acsami.9b07245 ISSN 1944-8244.
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WRAP-boron-doped-diamond-low-biofouling-material-aquatic-environments-Macpherson-2019.pdf - Accepted Version - Requires a PDF viewer. Download (3057Kb) | Preview |
Official URL: https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.9b07245
Abstract
Boron doped diamond (BDD), given the robustness of the material, is becoming an electrode of choice for applications which require long-term electrochemical monitoring of analytes in aqueous environments. However, despite the extensive work in this area, there are no studies which directly assess the biofilm formation (biofouling) capabilities of the material, which is an essential consideration because biofouling often causes deterioration in the sensor performance. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most prevalent bacterial pathogens linked to water-related diseases, with a strong capacity for forming biofilms on surfaces that are exposed to aquatic environments. In this study, we comparatively evaluate the biofouling capabilities of oxygen-terminated (O-)BDD against materials commonly employed as either the packaging or sensing element in water quality sensors, with an aim to identify factors which control biofilm formation on BDD. We assess the monospecies biofilm formation of P. aeruginosa in two different growth media, Luria–Bertani, a high nutrient source and drinking water, a low nutrient source, at two different temperatures (20 and 37 °C). Multispecies biofilm formation is also investigated. The performance of O-BDD, when tested against all other materials, promotes the lowest extent of P. aeruginosa monospecies biofilm formation, even with corrections made for total surface area (roughness). Importantly, O-BDD shows the lowest water contact angle of all materials tested, that is, greatest hydrophilicity, strongly suggesting that for these bacterial species, the factors controlling the hydrophilicity of the surface are important in reducing bacterial adhesion. This was further proven by keeping the surface topography fixed and changing surface termination to hydrogen (H-), to produce a strongly hydrophobic surface. A noticeable increase in biofilm formation was found. Doping with boron also results in changes in hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity compared to the undoped counterpart, which in turn affects the bacterial growth. For practical electrochemical sensing applications in aquatic environments, this study highlights the extremely beneficial effects of employing smooth, O-terminated (hydrophilic) BDD electrodes.
Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||||||||||||||||
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Subjects: | Q Science > QD Chemistry Q Science > QR Microbiology T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) |
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Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Chemistry Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Life Sciences (2010- ) |
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Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Biofilms, Bacteria, Carbon, Surface roughness, Drinking water | ||||||||||||||||||
Journal or Publication Title: | ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces | ||||||||||||||||||
Publisher: | American Chemical Society | ||||||||||||||||||
ISSN: | 1944-8244 | ||||||||||||||||||
Official Date: | 17 July 2019 | ||||||||||||||||||
Dates: |
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Volume: | 11 | ||||||||||||||||||
Article Number: | 28 | ||||||||||||||||||
DOI: | 10.1021/acsami.9b07245 | ||||||||||||||||||
Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||||||||||||||||
Publication Status: | Published | ||||||||||||||||||
Reuse Statement (publisher, data, author rights): | This document is the Accepted Manuscript version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces, copyright © American Chemical Society after peer review and technical editing by the publisher. To access the final edited and published work see https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.9b07245 | ||||||||||||||||||
Access rights to Published version: | Restricted or Subscription Access | ||||||||||||||||||
Date of first compliant deposit: | 9 April 2020 | ||||||||||||||||||
Date of first compliant Open Access: | 19 June 2020 | ||||||||||||||||||
RIOXX Funder/Project Grant: |
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