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Self-healing dielectric elastomers for damage tolerant actuation and energy harvesting
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Ellingford, Christopher, Zhang, Runan, Wemyss, Alan M., Zhang, Yan, Brown, Oliver, Zhou, Hongzhao, Keogh, Patrick, Bowen, Chris and Wan, Chaoying (2020) Self-healing dielectric elastomers for damage tolerant actuation and energy harvesting. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 12 (6). pp. 7595-7604. doi:10.1021/acsami.9b21957 ISSN 1944-8244.
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WRAP-self-healing-dielectric-elastomers-damage-tolerant-actuation-energy-harvesting-Wan-2020.pdf - Accepted Version - Requires a PDF viewer. Download (1493Kb) | Preview |
Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsami.9b21957
Abstract
The actuation and energy-harvesting performance of dielectric elastomers are strongly related to their intrinsic electrical and mechanical properties. For future resilient smart transducers, a fast actuation response, efficient energy-harvesting performance, and mechanical robustness are key requirements. In this work, we demonstrate that poly(styrene-butadiene-styrene) (SBS) can be converted into a self-healing dielectric elastomer with high permittivity and low dielectric loss, which can be deformed to large mechanical strains; these are key requirements for actuation and energy-harvesting applications. Using a one-step click reaction at room temperature for 20 min, methyl-3-mercaptopropionate (M3M) was grafted to SBS and reached 95.2% of grafting ratios. The resultant M3M–SBS can be deformed to a high mechanical strain of 1000%, with a relative permittivity of εr = 7.5 and a low tan δ = 0.03. When used in a dielectric actuator, it can provide 9.2% strain at an electric field of 39.5 MV m–1 and can also generate an energy density of 11 mJ g–1 from energy harvesting. After being subjected to mechanical damage, the self-healed elastomer can recover 44% of its breakdown strength during energy harvesting. This work demonstrates a facile route to produce self-healing, high permittivity, and low dielectric loss elastomers for both actuation and energy harvesting, which is applicable to a wide range of diene elastomer systems.
Item Type: | Journal Article | |||||||||
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Subjects: | T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering | |||||||||
Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Engineering > WMG (Formerly the Warwick Manufacturing Group) | |||||||||
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Dielectric devices, Elastomers -- Electric properties, Conducting polymers, Energy harvesting, Actuators -- Design and construction, Electromechanical devices -- Design and construction | |||||||||
Journal or Publication Title: | ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces | |||||||||
Publisher: | American Chemical Society | |||||||||
ISSN: | 1944-8244 | |||||||||
Official Date: | 12 February 2020 | |||||||||
Dates: |
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Volume: | 12 | |||||||||
Number: | 6 | |||||||||
Page Range: | pp. 7595-7604 | |||||||||
DOI: | 10.1021/acsami.9b21957 | |||||||||
Status: | Peer Reviewed | |||||||||
Publication Status: | Published | |||||||||
Reuse Statement (publisher, data, author rights): | This document is the Accepted Manuscript version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, copyright © American Chemical Society after peer review and technical editing by the publisher. To access the final edited and published work see http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsami.9b21957 | |||||||||
Access rights to Published version: | Restricted or Subscription Access | |||||||||
Date of first compliant deposit: | 28 January 2020 | |||||||||
Date of first compliant Open Access: | 16 January 2021 | |||||||||
RIOXX Funder/Project Grant: |
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