Brooks, Jake, Everett, James, Lermyte, Frederik, Tjhin, Vindy Tjendana, Sadler, P. J., Telling, Neil D. and Collingwood, Joanna F. (2020) Data for Analysis of neuronal iron deposits in Parkinson's disease brain tissue by synchrotron x-ray spectromicroscopy. [Dataset]

	Archive (ZIP) (Raw data files for Fig. 1) Figure 1.zip - Published Version Available under License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0. Download (19Mb)
	Archive (ZIP) (Raw data files for Fig. 2) Figure 2.zip - Published Version Available under License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0. Download (32Mb)

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Abstract

Background
Neuromelanin-pigmented neurons, which are highly susceptible to neurodegeneration in the Parkinson’s disease substantia nigra, harbour elevated iron levels in the diseased state. Whilst it is widely believed that neuronal iron is stored in an inert, ferric form, perturbations to normal metal homeostasis could potentially generate more reactive forms of iron capable of stimulating toxicity and cell death. However, non-disruptive analysis of brain metals is inherently challenging, since use of stains or chemical fixatives, for example, can significantly influence metal ion distributions and/or concentrations in tissues.

Aims
The aim of this study was to apply synchrotron soft x-ray spectromicroscopy to the characterisation of iron deposits and their local environment within neuromelanin-containing neurons of Parkinson’s disease substantia nigra.

Methods
Soft x-ray spectromicroscopy was applied in the form of Scanning Transmission X-ray Microscopy (STXM) to analyse resin-embedded tissue, without requirement for chemically disruptive processing or staining. Measurements were performed at the oxygen and iron K-edges in order to characterise both organic and inorganic components of anatomical tissue using a single label-free method.

Results
STXM revealed evidence for mixed oxidation states of neuronal iron deposits associated with neuromelanin clusters in Parkinson’s disease substantia nigra. The excellent sensitivity, specificity and spatial resolution of these STXM measurements showed that the iron oxidation state varies across sub-micron length scales.

Conclusions
The label-free STXM approach is highly suited to characterising the distributions of both inorganic and organic components of anatomical tissue, and provides a proof-of-concept for investigating trace metal speciation within Parkinson’s disease neuromelanin-containing neurons.

Item Type:	Dataset
Subjects:	Q Science > QC Physics R Medicine > RB Pathology R Medicine > RC Internal medicine
Divisions:	Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Engineering > Engineering
Type of Data:	Experimental data
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH):	Parkinson's disease, Brain -- Diseases, Grenz rays, Oxidative stress, Nervous system -- Degeneration -- Molecular aspects
Publisher:	University of Warwick, School of Engineering
Official Date:	29 July 2020
Dates:	Date Event 29 July 2020 Published 1 June 2020 Created 15 May 2020 Accepted
Status:	Not Peer Reviewed
Publication Status:	Published
Media of Output (format):	.dat, .emf, .hdr, .ncb, .tif, .txt, .xim, .xml
Access rights to Published version:	Open Access (Creative Commons)
Copyright Holders:	University of Warwick
Description:	Data record consists of two zip archives corresponding to the two figures in the related article. Archives are organised into subfolders according to the specific part of the figure in question. Raw data files are in raw text and data formats. Data processing is described at length in the related article. STXM data processing was performed using the aXis 2000 software package (http://unicorn.mcmaster.ca/aXis2000.html). Pseudo-coloured composite images were created by converting greyscale images to false colour, before recombining the images as an overlay using ImageJ.
Date of first compliant deposit:	29 July 2020
Date of first compliant Open Access:	29 July 2020
RIOXX Funder/Project Grant:	Project/Grant ID RIOXX Funder Name Funder ID EP/N033191/1 [EPSRC] Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000266 EP/N033140/1 [EPSRC] Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000266 EP/K035193/1 [EPSRC] Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000266 Doctoral training Award [EPSRC] Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000266
Related URLs:	Related item in WRAP Other
Contributors:	Contribution Name Contributor ID Depositor Brooks, Jake 77000

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