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The effect of magnetic field on the damping of slow waves in the solar corona
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Duckenfield, Timothy, Kolotkov, Dmitrii and Nakariakov, V. M. (Valery M.) (2021) The effect of magnetic field on the damping of slow waves in the solar corona. Astronomy & Astrophysics, 646 . A155. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202039791 ISSN 0004-6361.
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Official URL: https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202039791
Abstract
Context. Slow magnetoacoustic waves are routinely observed in astrophysical plasma systems such as the solar corona, and are usually seen to damp rapidly. As a slow wave propagates through a plasma, it modifies the equilibrium quantities of density, temperature, and magnetic field. In the corona and other plasma systems, the thermal equilibrium is comprised of a balance between continuous heating and cooling processes, the magnitudes of which vary with density, temperature and magnetic field. Thus the wave may induce a misbalance between these competing processes. Its back reaction on the wave has been shown to lead to dispersion, and amplification or damping, of the wave. Aims. This effect of heating/cooling misbalance has previously been studied in the infinite magnetic field approximation, in a plasma whose thermal equilibrium comprises of optically thin radiative losses and field-aligned thermal conduction, balanced by an (unspecified) heating process. In this work we extend this analysis by considering a non-zero β plasma. The importance of the effect of magnetic field in the rapid damping of slow waves in the solar corona is evaluated, and compared to the effects of thermal conduction. Methods. A linear perturbation under the thin flux tube approximation is considered, and a dispersion relation describing the slow magnetoacoustic modes is found. The dispersion relation’s limits of strong non-adiabaticity and weak non-adiabaticity are studied. The characteristic timescales are calculated for plasma systems with a range of typical coronal densities, temperatures and magnetic field strengths. Results. The number of timescales characterising the effect of misbalance is found to remain at two, as with the infinite magnetic field case. In the non-zero β case, these two timescales correspond to the partial derivatives of the combined heating/cooling function with respect to constant gas pressure and with respect to constant magnetic pressure. The predicted damping times of slow waves from thermal misbalance in the solar corona are found to be of the order of 10–100 minutes, coinciding with the wave periods and damping times observed. Moreover the slow wave damping by thermal misbalance is found to be comparable to the damping by field-aligned thermal conduction. The change in damping with plasma-β is complex and depends on the coronal heating function’s dependence upon the magnetic field in particular. Nonetheless we show that in the infinite field limit, the wave dynamics is insensitive to the dependence of the heating function on the magnetic field, and this approximation is found to be valid in the corona so long as the magnetic field strength is greater than approximately 10 G for quiescent loops and plumes, and 100 G for hot and dense loops. Conclusions. Thermal misbalance may damp slow magnetoacoustic waves rapidly in much of the corona, and its inclusion in our understanding of slow mode damping may resolve discrepancies between observations and theory relying on compressive viscosity and thermal conduction alone.
Item Type: | Journal Article | |||||||||
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Subjects: | Q Science > QB Astronomy Q Science > QC Physics |
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Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Physics | |||||||||
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Magnetohydrodynamics , Plasma waves , Solar oscillations , Sun -- Corona, Solar radiation | |||||||||
Journal or Publication Title: | Astronomy & Astrophysics | |||||||||
Publisher: | EDP Sciences | |||||||||
ISSN: | 0004-6361 | |||||||||
Official Date: | 19 February 2021 | |||||||||
Dates: |
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Volume: | 646 | |||||||||
Article Number: | A155 | |||||||||
DOI: | 10.1051/0004-6361/202039791 | |||||||||
Status: | Peer Reviewed | |||||||||
Publication Status: | Published | |||||||||
Reuse Statement (publisher, data, author rights): | Reproduced with permission from Astronomy & Astrophysics, © ESO. | |||||||||
Access rights to Published version: | Restricted or Subscription Access | |||||||||
Date of first compliant deposit: | 24 November 2020 | |||||||||
Date of first compliant Open Access: | 24 November 2020 | |||||||||
RIOXX Funder/Project Grant: |
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